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Overview

Project website debian-handbook.info
Instructions for translators

https://debian-handbook.info/contribute/ Mailing list for translators: <<debian-handbook-translators@lists.alioth.debian.org>
Project maintainers User avatar rhertzog User avatar pere
Translation license GNU General Public License v2.0 or later
Translation process
  • Translations can be made directly.
  • Translation suggestions can be made.
  • Any authenticated user can contribute.
  • The translation uses bilingual files.
Source code repository https://salsa.debian.org/hertzog/debian-handbook.git
Repository branch bullseye/main
Last remote commit Add local helper script for the benefit of Daniel cb06a19e
User avatar rhertzog authored 4 months ago
Last commit in Weblate zh-CN: Translated using Weblate. 21f3bf31
User avatar shuimqcn authored yesterday
Weblate repository https://hosted.weblate.org/git/debian-handbook/12_advanced-administration/
File mask */05_packaging-system.po

String statistics

Strings percent Hosted strings Words percent Hosted words Characters percent Hosted characters
Total 10,192 273,182 2,473,978
Source 392 10,507 95,153
Translated 52% 5,334 47% 129,339 44% 1,109,560
Needs editing 23% 2,382 22% 61,331 25% 638,647
Read-only 3% 392 3% 10,507 3% 95,153
Failing checks 18% 1,857 19% 53,285 22% 553,267
Strings with suggestions 1% 9 1% 383 1% 3,352
Untranslated strings 24% 2,476 30% 82,512 29% 725,771
Last 12 months Previous

Activity in last 12 months

145 changes 0 changes 176 changes 39 changes 75 changes 0 changes 70 changes 6,443 changes 27 changes 318 changes 0 changes 296 changes 56 changes 188 changes 1 change 28 changes 1 change 64 changes 5 changes 6 changes 2 changes 75 changes 0 changes 11 changes
Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May

Quick numbers

273 k
Hosted words
10,192
Hosted strings
52%
Translated
2
Contributors
and previous 30 days

Trends of last 30 days

+96%
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User avatar None

Committed changes

Debian Handbook / 05_packaging-system — Chinese (Simplified)

Committed changes an hour ago
User avatar shuimqcn

New translation

Debian Handbook / 05_packaging-system — Chinese (Simplified)


<computeroutput>$ </computeroutput><userinput>fakeroot alien --to-deb phpMyAdmin-5.1.1-2.fc35.noarch.rpm</userinput>
<computeroutput>[..]
Warning: Skipping conversion of scripts in package phpMyAdmin: postinst
Warning: Use the --scripts parameter to include the scripts.
[..]
phpmyadmin_5.1.1-3_all.deb generated
$ </computeroutput><userinput>ls -sh phpmyadmin_5.1.1-3_all.deb</userinput>
<computeroutput> 6,0M phpmyadmin_5.1.1-3_all.deb
$ </computeroutput><userinput>dpkg -c phpmyadmin_5.1.1-3_all.deb</userinput>
<computeroutput><![CDATA[drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2021-08-09 02:02 ./
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2021-08-09 02:02 ./etc/
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2021-08-09 02:02 ./etc/httpd/
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2021-08-09 02:02 ./etc/httpd/conf.d/
-rw-r--r-- root/root 1181 2021-07-27 09:32 ./etc/httpd/conf.d/phpMyAdmin.conf
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2021-08-09 02:02 ./etc/nginx/
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2021-08-09 02:02 ./etc/nginx/default.d/
-rw-r--r-- root/root 430 2021-07-27 09:32 ./etc/nginx/default.d/phpMyAdmin.conf
drwxr-x--- root/root 0 2021-08-09 02:02 ./etc/phpMyAdmin/
-rw-r----- root/root 4546 2021-07-27 09:34 ./etc/phpMyAdmin/config.inc.php
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2021-08-09 02:02 ./usr/
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2021-08-09 02:02 ./usr/share/
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2021-08-09 02:02 ./usr/share/doc/
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2021-08-09 02:02 ./usr/share/doc/phpMyAdmin/
[..]]]>
$ </computeroutput><userinput>dpkg -I phpmyadmin_5.1.1-3_all.deb</userinput>
<computeroutput><![CDATA[ new Debian package, version 2.0.
size 6195324 bytes: control archive=44444 bytes.
102 bytes, 3 lines conffiles
593 bytes, 15 lines control
180405 bytes, 1919 lines md5sums
448 bytes, 11 lines * postinst #!/bin/sh
Package: phpmyadmin
Version: 5.1.1-3
Architecture: all
Maintainer: Daniel Leidert <dleidert@debian.org>
Installed-Size: 40693
Section: alien
Priority: extra
Description: A web interface for MySQL and MariaDB
phpMyAdmin is a tool written in PHP intended to handle the administration of
MySQL over the Web. Currently it can create and drop databases,
create/drop/alter tables, delete/edit/add fields, execute any SQL statement,
manage keys on fields, manage privileges,export data into various formats and
is available in 50 languages
.
(Converted from a rpm package by alien version 8.95.4.)]]></computeroutput>

<computeroutput>$ </computeroutput><userinput>fakeroot alien --to-deb phpMyAdmin-5.1.1-2.fc35.noarch.rpm</userinput>
<computeroutput>[..]
Warning: Skipping conversion of scripts in package phpMyAdmin: postinst
Warning: Use the --scripts parameter to include the scripts.
[..]
phpmyadmin_5.1.1-3_all.deb generated
$ </computeroutput><userinput>ls -sh phpmyadmin_5.1.1-3_all.deb</userinput>
<computeroutput> 6,0M phpmyadmin_5.1.1-3_all.deb
$ </computeroutput><userinput>dpkg -c phpmyadmin_5.1.1-3_all.deb</userinput>
<computeroutput><![CDATA[drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2021-08-09 02:02 ./
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2021-08-09 02:02 ./etc/
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2021-08-09 02:02 ./etc/httpd/
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2021-08-09 02:02 ./etc/httpd/conf.d/
-rw-r--r-- root/root 1181 2021-07-27 09:32 ./etc/httpd/conf.d/phpMyAdmin.conf
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2021-08-09 02:02 ./etc/nginx/
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2021-08-09 02:02 ./etc/nginx/default.d/
-rw-r--r-- root/root 430 2021-07-27 09:32 ./etc/nginx/default.d/phpMyAdmin.conf
drwxr-x--- root/root 0 2021-08-09 02:02 ./etc/phpMyAdmin/
-rw-r----- root/root 4546 2021-07-27 09:34 ./etc/phpMyAdmin/config.inc.php
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2021-08-09 02:02 ./usr/
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2021-08-09 02:02 ./usr/share/
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2021-08-09 02:02 ./usr/share/doc/
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2021-08-09 02:02 ./usr/share/doc/phpMyAdmin/
[..]]]>
$ </computeroutput><userinput>dpkg -I phpmyadmin_5.1.1-3_all.deb</userinput>
<computeroutput><![CDATA[ new Debian package, version 2.0.
size 6195324 bytes: control archive=44444 bytes.
102 bytes, 3 lines conffiles
593 bytes, 15 lines control
180405 bytes, 1919 lines md5sums
448 bytes, 11 lines * postinst #!/bin/sh
Package: phpmyadmin
Version: 5.1.1-3
Architecture: all
Maintainer: Daniel Leidert <dleidert@debian.org>
Installed-Size: 40693
Section: alien
Priority: extra
Description: A web interface for MySQL and MariaDB
phpMyAdmin is a tool written in PHP intended to handle the administration of
MySQL over the Web. Currently it can create and drop databases,
create/drop/alter tables, delete/edit/add fields, execute any SQL statement,
manage keys on fields, manage privileges,export data into various formats and
is available in 50 languages
.
(Converted from a rpm package by alien version 8.95.4.)]]></computeroutput>
yesterday
User avatar shuimqcn

Translation changed

Debian Handbook / 05_packaging-system — Chinese (Simplified)


<computeroutput>$ </computeroutput><userinput>dpkg -L base-passwd</userinput>
<computeroutput><![CDATA[/.
/usr
/usr/sbin
/usr/sbin/update-passwd
/usr/share
/usr/share/base-passwd
/usr/share/base-passwd/group.master
/usr/share/base-passwd/passwd.master
/usr/share/doc
/usr/share/doc/base-passwd
/usr/share/doc/base-passwd/README
/usr/share/doc/base-passwd/changelog.gz
/usr/share/doc/base-passwd/copyright
/usr/share/doc/base-passwd/users-and-groups.html
/usr/share/doc/base-passwd/users-and-groups.txt.gz
/usr/share/doc-base
/usr/share/doc-base/users-and-groups
/usr/share/lintian
/usr/share/lintian/overrides
/usr/share/lintian/overrides/base-passwd
/usr/share/man
/usr/share/man/de
/usr/share/man/de/man8
/usr/share/man/de/man8/update-passwd.8.gz
/usr/share/man/es
/usr/share/man/es/man8
/usr/share/man/es/man8/update-passwd.8.gz
/usr/share/man/fr
/usr/share/man/fr/man8
/usr/share/man/fr/man8/update-passwd.8.gz
/usr/share/man/ja
/usr/share/man/ja/man8
/usr/share/man/ja/man8/update-passwd.8.gz
/usr/share/man/man8
/usr/share/man/man8/update-passwd.8.gz
/usr/share/man/pl
/usr/share/man/pl/man8
/usr/share/man/pl/man8/update-passwd.8.gz
/usr/share/man/ru
/usr/share/man/ru/man8
/usr/share/man/ru/man8/update-passwd.8.gz]]>
$ </computeroutput><userinput>dpkg -S /bin/date</userinput>
<computeroutput>coreutils: /bin/date
$ </computeroutput><userinput>dpkg -s coreutils</userinput>
<computeroutput><![CDATA[Package: coreutils
Essential: yes
Status: install ok installed
Priority: required
Section: utils
Installed-Size: 17478
Maintainer: Michael Stone <mstone@debian.org>
Architecture: amd64
Multi-Arch: foreign
Source: coreutils (8.32-4)
Version: 8.32-4+b1
Pre-Depends: libacl1 (>= 2.2.23), libattr1 (>= 1:2.4.44), libc6 (>= 2.28), libgmp10, libselinux1 (>= 3.1~)
Description: GNU core utilities
This package contains the basic file, shell and text manipulation
utilities which are expected to exist on every operating system.
.
Specifically, this package includes:
arch base64 basename cat chcon chgrp chmod chown chroot cksum comm cp
csplit cut date dd df dir dircolors dirname du echo env expand expr
factor false flock fmt fold groups head hostid id install join link ln
logname ls md5sum mkdir mkfifo mknod mktemp mv nice nl nohup nproc numfmt
od paste pathchk pinky pr printenv printf ptx pwd readlink realpath rm
rmdir runcon sha*sum seq shred sleep sort split stat stty sum sync tac
tail tee test timeout touch tr true truncate tsort tty uname unexpand
uniq unlink users vdir wc who whoami yes
Homepage: http://gnu.org/software/coreutils]]>
$ </computeroutput><userinput>dpkg -l 'b*'</userinput>
<computeroutput><![CDATA[Desired=Unknown/Install/Remove/Purge/Hold
| Status=Not/Inst/Conf-files/Unpacked/halF-conf/Half-inst/trig-aWait/Trig-pend
|/ Err?=(none)/Reinst-required (Status,Err: uppercase=bad)
||/ Name Version Architecture Description
+++-==========================-==============-============-==================================
un backupninja <none> <none> (no description available)
un backuppc <none> <none> (no description available)
ii baloo-kf5 5.78.0-3 amd64 framework for searching and manag>
un balsa <none> <none> (no description available)
ii baobab 3.38.0-1 amd64 GNOME disk usage analyzer
un base <none> <none> (no description available)
un base-config <none> <none> (no description available)
ii base-files 11.1 amd64 Debian base system miscellaneous >
ii base-passwd 3.5.51 amd64 Debian base system master passwor>
ii bash 5.1-2+b1 amd64 GNU Bourne Again SHell
[..]]]>
$ </computeroutput><userinput>dpkg -c /var/cache/apt/archives/bash_5.1-3+b1_amd64.deb</userinput>
<computeroutput><![CDATA[drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2021-07-25 20:43 ./
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2021-07-25 20:43 ./bin/
-rwxr-xr-x root/root 1234376 2021-07-25 20:43 ./bin/bash
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2021-07-25 20:43 ./etc/
-rw-r--r-- root/root 1994 2021-07-25 20:43 ./etc/bash.bashrc
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2021-07-25 20:43 ./etc/skel/
-rw-r--r-- root/root 220 2021-07-25 20:43 ./etc/skel/.bash_logout
-rw-r--r-- root/root 3526 2021-07-25 20:43 ./etc/skel/.bashrc
-rw-r--r-- root/root 807 2021-07-25 20:43 ./etc/skel/.profile
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2021-07-25 20:43 ./usr/
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2021-07-25 20:43 ./usr/bin/
-rwxr-xr-x root/root 6759 2021-07-25 20:43 ./usr/bin/bashbug
-rwxr-xr-x root/root 14648 2021-07-25 20:43 ./usr/bin/clear_console
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2021-07-25 20:43 ./usr/share/
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2021-07-25 20:43 ./usr/share/doc/
[..]]]>
$ </computeroutput><userinput>dpkg -I /var/cache/apt/archives/bash_5.1-3+b1_amd64.deb</userinput>
<computeroutput><![CDATA[ new Debian package, version 2.0.
size 1416600 bytes: control archive=7256 bytes.
77 bytes, 4 lines conffiles
1030 bytes, 27 lines control
4511 bytes, 64 lines md5sums
603 bytes, 31 lines * postinst #!/bin/bash
500 bytes, 25 lines * postrm #!/bin/sh
14536 bytes, 33 lines * preinst
289 bytes, 22 lines * prerm #!/bin/bash
Package: bash
Source: bash (5.1-3)
Version: 5.1-3+b1
Architecture: amd64
Essential: yes
Maintainer: Matthias Klose <doko@debian.org>
Installed-Size: 6470
Pre-Depends: libc6 (>= 2.25), libtinfo6 (>= 6)
Depends: base-files (>= 2.1.12), debianutils (>= 2.15)
Recommends: bash-completion (>= 20060301-0)
Suggests: bash-doc
Conflicts: bash-completion (<< 20060301-0)
Replaces: bash-completion (<< 20060301-0), bash-doc (<= 2.05-1)
Section: shells
Priority: required
Multi-Arch: foreign
Homepage: http://tiswww.case.edu/php/chet/bash/bashtop.html
Description: GNU Bourne Again SHell
Bash is an sh-compatible command language interpreter that executes
commands read from the standard input or from a file. Bash also
incorporates useful features from the Korn and C shells (ksh and csh).
.
Bash is ultimately intended to be a conformant implementation of the
IEEE POSIX Shell and Tools specification (IEEE Working Group 1003.2).
.
The Programmable Completion Code, by Ian Macdonald, is now found in
the bash-completion package.]]>
</computeroutput>

<computeroutput>$ </computeroutput><userinput>dpkg -L base-passwd</userinput>
<computeroutput><![CDATA[/.
/usr
/usr/sbin
/usr/sbin/update-passwd
/usr/share
/usr/share/base-passwd
/usr/share/base-passwd/group.master
/usr/share/base-passwd/passwd.master
/usr/share/doc
/usr/share/doc/base-passwd
/usr/share/doc/base-passwd/README
/usr/share/doc/base-passwd/changelog.gz
/usr/share/doc/base-passwd/copyright
/usr/share/doc/base-passwd/users-and-groups.html
/usr/share/doc/base-passwd/users-and-groups.txt.gz
/usr/share/doc-base
/usr/share/doc-base/users-and-groups
/usr/share/lintian
/usr/share/lintian/overrides
/usr/share/lintian/overrides/base-passwd
/usr/share/man
/usr/share/man/de
/usr/share/man/de/man8
/usr/share/man/de/man8/update-passwd.8.gz
/usr/share/man/es
/usr/share/man/es/man8
/usr/share/man/es/man8/update-passwd.8.gz
/usr/share/man/fr
/usr/share/man/fr/man8
/usr/share/man/fr/man8/update-passwd.8.gz
/usr/share/man/ja
/usr/share/man/ja/man8
/usr/share/man/ja/man8/update-passwd.8.gz
/usr/share/man/man8
/usr/share/man/man8/update-passwd.8.gz
/usr/share/man/pl
/usr/share/man/pl/man8
/usr/share/man/pl/man8/update-passwd.8.gz
/usr/share/man/ru
/usr/share/man/ru/man8
/usr/share/man/ru/man8/update-passwd.8.gz]]>
$ </computeroutput><userinput>dpkg -S /bin/date</userinput>
<computeroutput>coreutils: /bin/date
$ </computeroutput><userinput>dpkg -s coreutils</userinput>
<computeroutput><![CDATA[Package: coreutils
Essential: yes
Status: install ok installed
Priority: required
Section: utils
Installed-Size: 157197478
Maintainer: Michael Stone <mstone@debian.org>
Architecture: amd64
Multi-Arch: foreign
Source: coreutils (8.32-4)
Version: 8.30-32-4+b1
Pre-Depends: libacl1 (>= 2.2.23), libattr1 (>= 1:2.4.44), libc6 (>= 2.28), libgmp10, libselinux1 (>= 2.13.13~)
Description: GNU core utilities
This package contains the basic file, shell and text manipulation
utilities which are expected to exist on every operating system.
.
Specifically, this package includes:
arch base64 basename cat chcon chgrp chmod chown chroot cksum comm cp
csplit cut date dd df dir dircolors dirname du echo env expand expr
factor false flock fmt fold groups head hostid id install join link ln
logname ls md5sum mkdir mkfifo mknod mktemp mv nice nl nohup nproc numfmt
od paste pathchk pinky pr printenv printf ptx pwd readlink realpath rm
rmdir runcon sha*sum seq shred sleep sort split stat stty sum sync tac
tail tee test timeout touch tr true truncate tsort tty uname unexpand
uniq unlink users vdir wc who whoami yes
Homepage: http://gnu.org/software/coreutils]]>
$ </computeroutput><userinput>dpkg -l 'b*'</userinput>
<computeroutput><![CDATA[Desired=Unknown/Install/Remove/Purge/Hold
| Status=Not/Inst/Conf-files/Unpacked/halF-conf/Half-inst/trig-aWait/Trig-pend
|/ Err?=(none)/Reinst-required (Status,Err: uppercase=bad)
||/ Name Version Architecture Description
+++-====================-===============-===============-==================================================
un backupninja <none> <none> (no description available)
un backuppc <none> <none> (no description available)
un baobab <none> <node> (no description available)
un base <none> <none> (no description available)
un base-config <none> <none> (no description available)
ii base-files 11 amd64 Debian base system miscellaneous files
ii base-passwd 3.5.46 amd64 Debian base system master password and group files
ii bash 5.0-4 amd64 GNU Bourne Again SHell
[..]]]>
$ </computeroutput><userinput>dpkg -c /var/cache/apt/archives/gnupg-utils_2.2.12-1_amd64.deb</userinput>
<computeroutput><![CDATA[drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2018-12-15 02:17 ./
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2018-12-15 02:17 ./usr/
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2018-12-15 02:17 ./usr/bin/
-rwxr-xr-x root/root 3516 2018-12-15 02:17 ./usr/bin/gpg-zip
-rwxr-xr-x root/root 866256 2018-12-15 02:17 ./usr/bin/gpgcompose
-rwxr-xr-x root/root 30792 2018-12-15 02:17 ./usr/bin/gpgparsemail
-rwxr-xr-x root/root 84432 2018-12-15 02:17 ./usr/bin/gpgsplit
-rwxr-xr-x root/root 154952 2018-12-15 02:17 ./usr/bin/gpgtar
-rwxr-xr-x root/root 166568 2018-12-15 02:17 ./usr/bin/kbxutil
-rwxr-xr-x root/root 1081 2017-08-28 12:22 ./usr/bin/lspgpot
-rwxr-xr-x root/root 2194 2018-11-18 23:37 ./usr/bin/migrate-pubring-from-classic-gpg
-rwxr-xr-x root/root 121576 2018-12-15 02:17 ./usr/bin/symcryptrun
-rwxr-xr-x root/root 18424 2018-12-15 02:17 ./usr/bin/watchgnupg
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2018-12-15 02:17 ./usr/sbin/
-rwxr-xr-x root/root 3075 2018-12-15 02:17 ./usr/sbin/addgnupghome
-rwxr-xr-x root/root 2217 2018-12-15 02:17 ./usr/sbin/applygnupgdefaults
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2018-12-15 02:17 ./usr/share/
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2018-12-15 02:17 ./usr/share/doc/
[...]]]>
$ </computeroutput><userinput>dpkg -I /var/cache/apt/archives/gnupg-utils_2.2.12-1_amd64.deb</userinput>
<computeroutput><![CDATA[ new Debian package, version 2.0.
size 857408 bytes: control archive=1844 bytes.
1564 bytes, 32 lines control
1804 bytes, 28 lines md5sums
Package: gnupg-utils
Source: gnupg2
Version: 2.2.12-1
Architecture: amd64
Maintainer: Debian GnuPG Maintainers <pkg-gnupg-maint@lists.alioth.debian.org>
Installed-Size: 1845
Depends: libassuan0 (>= 2.0.1), libbz2-1.0, libc6 (>= 2.25), libgcrypt20 (>= 1.8.0), libgpg-error0 (>= 1.26-2~), libksba8 (>= 1.3.4), libreadline7 (>= 6.0), zlib1g (>= 1:1.1.4)
Recommends: gpg, gpg-agent, gpgconf, gpgsm
Breaks: gnupg (<< 2.1.21-4), gnupg-agent (<< 2.1.21-4)
Replaces: gnupg (<< 2.1.21-4), gnupg-agent (<< 2.1.21-4)
Section: utils
Priority: optional
Multi-Arch: foreign
Homepage: https://www.gnupg.org/
Description: GNU privacy guard - utility programs
GnuPG is GNU's tool for secure communication and data storage.
.
This package contains several useful utilities for manipulating
OpenPGP data and other related cryptographic elements. It includes:
.
* addgnupghome -- create .gnupg home directories
* applygnupgdefaults -- run gpgconf --apply-defaults for all users
* gpgcompose -- an experimental tool for constructing arbitrary
sequences of OpenPGP packets (e.g. for testing)
* gpgparsemail -- parse an e-mail message into annotated format
* gpgsplit -- split a sequence of OpenPGP packets into files
* gpgtar -- encrypt or sign files in an archive
* kbxutil -- list, export, import Keybox data
* lspgpot -- convert PGP ownertrust values to GnuPG
* migrate-pubring-from-classic-gpg -- use only "modern" formats
* symcryptrun -- use simple symmetric encryption tool in GnuPG framework
* watchgnupg -- watch socket-based logs
[..]]]></computeroutput>Architecture Description
+++-==========================-==============-============-==================================
un backupninja <none> <none> (no description available)
un backuppc <none> <none> (no description available)
ii baloo-kf5 5.78.0-3 amd64 framework for searching and manag>
un balsa <none> <none> (no description available)
ii baobab 3.38.0-1 amd64 GNOME disk usage analyzer
un base <none> <none> (no description available)
un base-config <none> <none> (no description available)
ii base-files 11.1 amd64 Debian base system miscellaneous >
ii base-passwd 3.5.51 amd64 Debian base system master passwor>
ii bash 5.1-2+b1 amd64 GNU Bourne Again SHell
[..]]]>
$ </computeroutput><userinput>dpkg -c /var/cache/apt/archives/bash_5.1-3+b1_amd64.deb</userinput>
<computeroutput><![CDATA[drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2021-07-25 20:43 ./
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2021-07-25 20:43 ./bin/
-rwxr-xr-x root/root 1234376 2021-07-25 20:43 ./bin/bash
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2021-07-25 20:43 ./etc/
-rw-r--r-- root/root 1994 2021-07-25 20:43 ./etc/bash.bashrc
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2021-07-25 20:43 ./etc/skel/
-rw-r--r-- root/root 220 2021-07-25 20:43 ./etc/skel/.bash_logout
-rw-r--r-- root/root 3526 2021-07-25 20:43 ./etc/skel/.bashrc
-rw-r--r-- root/root 807 2021-07-25 20:43 ./etc/skel/.profile
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2021-07-25 20:43 ./usr/
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2021-07-25 20:43 ./usr/bin/
-rwxr-xr-x root/root 6759 2021-07-25 20:43 ./usr/bin/bashbug
-rwxr-xr-x root/root 14648 2021-07-25 20:43 ./usr/bin/clear_console
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2021-07-25 20:43 ./usr/share/
drwxr-xr-x root/root 0 2021-07-25 20:43 ./usr/share/doc/
[..]]]>
$ </computeroutput><userinput>dpkg -I /var/cache/apt/archives/bash_5.1-3+b1_amd64.deb</userinput>
<computeroutput><![CDATA[ new Debian package, version 2.0.
size 1416600 bytes: control archive=7256 bytes.
77 bytes, 4 lines conffiles
1030 bytes, 27 lines control
4511 bytes, 64 lines md5sums
603 bytes, 31 lines * postinst #!/bin/bash
500 bytes, 25 lines * postrm #!/bin/sh
14536 bytes, 33 lines * preinst
289 bytes, 22 lines * prerm #!/bin/bash
Package: bash
Source: bash (5.1-3)
Version: 5.1-3+b1
Architecture: amd64
Essential: yes
Maintainer: Matthias Klose <doko@debian.org>
Installed-Size: 6470
Pre-Depends: libc6 (>= 2.25), libtinfo6 (>= 6)
Depends: base-files (>= 2.1.12), debianutils (>= 2.15)
Recommends: bash-completion (>= 20060301-0)
Suggests: bash-doc
Conflicts: bash-completion (<< 20060301-0)
Replaces: bash-completion (<< 20060301-0), bash-doc (<= 2.05-1)
Section: shells
Priority: required
Multi-Arch: foreign
Homepage: http://tiswww.case.edu/php/chet/bash/bashtop.html
Description: GNU Bourne Again SHell
Bash is an sh-compatible command language interpreter that executes
commands read from the standard input or from a file. Bash also
incorporates useful features from the Korn and C shells (ksh and csh).
.
Bash is ultimately intended to be a conformant implementation of the
IEEE POSIX Shell and Tools specification (IEEE Working Group 1003.2).
.
The Programmable Completion Code, by Ian Macdonald, is now found in
the bash-completion package.]]>
</computeroutput>
yesterday
User avatar shuimqcn

Translation changed

Debian Handbook / 05_packaging-system — Chinese (Simplified)

<filename>control.tar.xz</filename>
<filename>control.tar.xz</filename>
yesterday
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Translation changed

Debian Handbook / 05_packaging-system — Chinese (Simplified)

<computeroutput>$ </computeroutput><userinput>ar t dpkg_1.20.9_amd64.deb</userinput>
<computeroutput>debian-binary
control.tar.gz
data.tar.xz
$ </computeroutput><userinput>ar x dpkg_1.20.9_amd64.deb</userinput>
<computeroutput>$ </computeroutput><userinput>ls</userinput>
<computeroutput>control.tar.gz data.tar.xz debian-binary dpkg_1.20.9_amd64.deb
$ </computeroutput><userinput>tar tJf data.tar.xz | head -n 16</userinput>
<computeroutput>./
./etc/
./etc/alternatives/
./etc/alternatives/README
./etc/cron.daily/
./etc/cron.daily/dpkg
./etc/dpkg/
./etc/dpkg/dpkg.cfg
./etc/dpkg/dpkg.cfg.d/
./etc/logrotate.d/
./etc/logrotate.d/alternatives
./etc/logrotate.d/dpkg
./sbin/
./sbin/start-stop-daemon
./usr/
./usr/bin/
$ </computeroutput><userinput>tar tJf control.tar.xz</userinput>
<computeroutput>./
./conffiles
./control
./md5sums
./postrm
$ </computeroutput><userinput>cat debian-binary</userinput>
<computeroutput>2.0</computeroutput>
<computeroutput>$ </computeroutput><userinput>ar t dpkg_1.20.9_amd64.deb</userinput>
<computeroutput>debian-binary
control.tar.gz
data.tar.xz
$ </computeroutput><userinput>ar x dpkg_1.20.9_amd64.deb</userinput>
<computeroutput>$ </computeroutput><userinput>ls</userinput>
<computeroutput>control.tar.gz data.tar.xz debian-binary dpkg_1.20.9_amd64.deb
$ </computeroutput><userinput>tar tJf data.tar.xz | head -n 16</userinput>
<computeroutput>./
./etc/
./etc/alternatives/
./etc/alternatives/README
./etc/cron.daily/
./etc/cron.daily/dpkg
./etc/dpkg/
./etc/dpkg/dpkg.cfg
./etc/dpkg/dpkg.cfg.d/
./etc/logrotate.d/
./etc/logrotate.d/alternatives
./etc/logrotate.d/dpkg
./sbin/
./sbin/start-stop-daemon
./usr/
./usr/bin/
$ </computeroutput><userinput>tar tJf control.tar.xz</userinput>
<computeroutput>./
./conffiles
./control
./md5sums
./postrm
$ </computeroutput><userinput>cat debian-binary</userinput>
<computeroutput>2.0</computeroutput>
yesterday
User avatar shuimqcn

Translation changed

Debian Handbook / 05_packaging-system — Chinese (Simplified)

Have a look at the content of a <filename>.deb</filename> file:
来看看一个 <filename>.deb</filename> 文件的内容：
yesterday
User avatar shuimqcn

Translation changed

Debian Handbook / 05_packaging-system — Chinese (Simplified)


<computeroutput># </computeroutput><userinput>ar x dpkg_1.20.9_amd64.deb</userinput>
<computeroutput># </computeroutput><userinput>tar -C / -p -xJf data.tar.xz</userinput>

<computeroutput># </computeroutput><userinput>ar x dpkg_1.20.9_amd64.deb</userinput>
<computeroutput># </computeroutput><userinput>tar -C / -p -xJf data.tar.xz</userinput>
yesterday
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Translation changed

Debian Handbook / 05_packaging-system — Chinese (Simplified)

Its man page <citerefentry><refentrytitle>ar</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry> documents all its other features. <command>ar</command> is a very rudimentary tool that a Unix administrator would only use on rare occasions, but admins routinely use <command>tar</command>, a more evolved archive and file management program. This is why it is easy to restore <command>dpkg</command> in the event of an erroneous deletion. You would only have to download the Debian package and extract the content from the <filename>data.tar.xz</filename> archive in the system's root (<filename>/</filename>):
它的手册页（<citerefentry><refentrytitle>ar</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>）将它的其它全部特性归档。<command>ar</command> 是一个非常古老的工具，Unix 管理员仅在极少数情况下使用它，而是通常使用 <command>tar</command>，一个更先进的档案和文件管理程序。这是在误删情况下容易恢复 <command>dpkg</command> 的原因。您仅需要下载 Debian 软件包，并将内容从 <filename>data.tar.xz</filename> 解压至系统的根（<filename>/</filename>）：
yesterday
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Translation changed

Debian Handbook / 05_packaging-system — Chinese (Simplified)

<command>ar d <replaceable>archive</replaceable> <replaceable>file</replaceable></command> deletes a file from the archive, etc.
<command>ar d <replaceable>archive</replaceable> <replaceable>file</replaceable></command> 从归档文件中删除一个文件，等等.
yesterday
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Translation changed

Debian Handbook / 05_packaging-system — Chinese (Simplified)

<command>ar t <replaceable>archive</replaceable></command> displays the list of files contained in such an archive,
<command>ar t <replaceable>archive</replaceable></command> 显示归档文件中包含的文件列表
yesterday
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