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18,019 Words
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168,092 Characters
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1,002 17,680 165,487
Translated strings Browse Translate Zen
6 339 2,605
Unfinished strings Browse Translate Zen
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Strings marked for edit Browse Translate Zen
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Summary

Project website debian-handbook.info
Instructions for translators

https://debian-handbook.info/contribute/ Mailing list for translators: <debian-handbook-translators@lists.alioth.debian.org
Project maintainers3 User avatar rhertzogUser avatar pereUser avatar dleidert
Translation license GNU General Public License v2.0 or later
Translation process
  • Translations can be made directly.
  • Translation suggestions can be made.
  • Any authenticated user can contribute.
  • The translation uses bilingual files.
Source code repository https://salsa.debian.org/hertzog/debian-handbook.git
Repository branch bookworm/main
Last remote commit Merge branch 'patch-2' into 'bookworm/main' bfac5350
User avatar dleidert authored 01/27/2026
Last commit in Weblate es-ES: Translated using Weblate. 15375af6
User avatar eulalio authored 06/09/2026
Weblate repository https://hosted.weblate.org/git/debian-handbook/12_advanced-administration/
File mask */08_basic-configuration.po
Translation file Download id-ID/08_basic-configuration.po
Last change Jan. 2, 2026, 2:01 p.m.
Last change made by Background commit
Language Indonesian
Language code id
Text direction Left to right
Case sensitivity Case-sensitive
Number of speakers 180,519,583
Number of plurals 1
Plural type None
Plurals
Plural formula 0
04/22/2026

String statistics

Strings percent Hosted strings Words percent Hosted words Characters percent Hosted characters
Total 1,008 18,019 168,092
Translated 99% 1,002 98% 17,680 98% 165,487
Needs editing 1% 6 1% 339 1% 2,605
Read-only 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0
Failing checks 7% 71 1% 308 3% 6,545
Strings with suggestions 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0
Untranslated strings 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0
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1,008
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User avatar weblate:commit

Changes committed
Changes committed 01/02/2026
User avatar arifpedia

Translation changed
Network Manager knows how to handle various types of connections (DHCP, manual configuration, local network), but only if the configuration is set with the program itself. This is why it will systematically ignore all network interfaces in <filename>/etc/network/interfaces</filename> and <filename>/etc/network/interfaces.d/</filename> for which it is not suited. Since Network Manager doesn't give details when no network connections are shown, the easy way is to delete from <filename>/etc/network/interfaces</filename> any configuration for all interfaces that must be managed by Network Manager. Alternatively, it can be configured to manage all devices listed in that file as well. This configuration is handled in the <command>[ifupdown]</command> section of its configuration file.
Network Manager mengetahui bagaimana menangani berbagai tipe koneksi (DHCP, konfigurasi manual, jaringan lokal), namun hanya jika konfigurasi diatur dengan program itu sendiri. Oleh karena itu, dia akan mengabaikan seluruh antarmuka jaringan secara sistematis di <filename>/etc/network/interfaces</filename> dan <filename>/etc/network/interfaces.d/</filename> untuk yang tidak cocok. Karena Network Manager tidak memberikan rincian ketika tidak ada jaringan yang muncul, cara termudahnya adalah dengan menghapusnya dari <filename>/etc/network/interfaces</filename> beberapa konfigurasi untuk seluruh antarmuka yang harus diatur oleh Network Manager. Sebagai alternatif, Network Manager juga dapat dikonfigurasi untuk mengelola semua perangkat yang tercantum dalam berkas tersebut. Konfigurasi ini ditangani pada bagian <command>[ifupdown]</command> di berkas konfigurasi miliknya.
01/01/2026
User avatar arifpedia

Translation changed
If Network Manager is particularly recommended in roaming setups (see <xref linkend="sect.roaming-network-config" />), it is also perfectly usable as the default network management tool. You can create “System connections” that are used as soon as the computer boots either manually with a <filename>.ini</filename>-like file in <filename>/etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/</filename> or through a graphical tool (<command>nm-connection-editor</command>). If you were using ifupdown, just remember to deactivate the entries in <filename>/etc/network/interfaces</filename> that you want Network Manager to handle, or specifically allow Network Manager to handle these devices. <ulink type="block" url="https://wiki.gnome.org/Projects/NetworkManager/SystemSettings" /> <ulink type="block" url="https://networkmanager.dev/docs/api/1.42.4/ref-settings.html" /> <ulink type="block" url="https://networkmanager.dev/docs/api/1.42.4/NetworkManager.conf.html#id-1.2.3.9" />
Jika Network Manager direkomendasikan dalam penyiapan roaming (lihat <xref linkend="sect.roaming-network-config" />), dia juga sangat berguna sebagai pengatur jaringan standar. Anda dapat membuat “Koneksi sistem” yang digunakan sesegera setelah komputer boot entah itu secara manual dengan berkas mirip <filename>.ini</filename> dalam <filename>/etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/</filename> atau melalui tool grafis (<command>nm-connection-editor</command>). Jika Anda memakai ifupdown, ingatlah untuk menonaktifkan entri dalam <filename>/etc/network/interfaces</filename> yang Anda inginkan Network Manager menanganinya, atau secara khusus mengizinkan Network Manager menangani perangkat-perangkat ini.<ulink type="block" url="https://wiki.gnome.org/Projects/NetworkManager/SystemSettings" /> <ulink type="block" url="https://developer.gnome.org/Nnetworkmanager.dev/docs/api/1.42.4/ref-settings.html" /> <ulink type="block" url="https://networkMmanager/1.30/ref-settings.html.dev/docs/api/1.42.4/NetworkManager.conf.html#id-1.2.3.9" />
01/01/2026
User avatar arifpedia

File uploaded
Processed 26 strings from the uploaded files (skipped: 0, not found: 0, updated: 18).
File upload mode: Add as translation 01/01/2026
User avatar arifpedia

Translation uploaded

<computeroutput>$ </computeroutput><userinput>sudo apt install dahdi-dkms</userinput>
<computeroutput><![CDATA[[...]
Setting up dkms (3.0.10-8+deb12u1) ...
Setting up linux-compiler-gcc-12-x86 (6.1.99-1) ...
Setting up fxload (0.0.20081013-2) ...
Setting up linux-headers-6.1.0-23-common (6.1.99-1) ...
Setting up linux-kbuild-6.1 (6.1.99-1) ...
Setting up dahdi-dkms (1:2.11.1.0.20170917~dfsg-8.4) ...
Loading new dahdi-2.11.1.0.20170917 DKMS files...
Building for 6.1.0-23-amd64
Building initial module for 6.1.0-23-amd64
Done.

dahdi_dummy.ko:
Running module version sanity check.
- Original module
- No original module exists within this kernel
- Installation
- Installing to /lib/modules/6.1.0-23-amd64/updates/dkms/

dahdi_dynamic_eth.ko:
Running module version sanity check.
- Original module
- No original module exists within this kernel
- Installation
- Installing to /lib/modules/6.1.0-23-amd64/updates/dkms/

[..]
depmod...
Setting up dahdi-linux (1:2.11.1.0.20170917~dfsg-8.4) ...
Setting up linux-headers-6.1.0-23-amd64 (6.1.99-1) ...
/etc/kernel/header_postinst.d/dkms:
dkms: running auto installation service for kernel 6.1.0-23-amd64.
dkms: autoinstall for kernel: 6.1.0-23-amd64.
Setting up linux-headers-amd64 (6.1.99-1) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.11.2-2) ...
]]>
$ </computeroutput><userinput>sudo dkms status</userinput>
<computeroutput>dahdi/2.11.1.0.20170917, 6.1.0-23-amd64, x86_64: installed
$ </computeroutput><userinput>sudo modinfo dahdi_dummy</userinput>
<computeroutput><![CDATA[ filename: /lib/modules/6.1.0-23-amd64/updates/dkms/dahdi_dummy.ko
license: GPL v2
author: Robert Pleh <robert.pleh@hermes.si>
description: Timing-Only Driver
depends: dahdi
retpoline: Y
name: dahdi_dummy
vermagic: 6.1.0-23-amd64 SMP preempt mod_unload modversions
sig_id: PKCS#7
signer: DKMS module signing key
sig_key: 69:A6:CA:D5:86:6A:FE:F4:A8:04:6A:31:8B:AB:E1:07:88:BA:45:C7
sig_hashalgo: sha256
signature: 9B:F9:8E:38:4D:06:A6:20:52:33:D9:AE:9D:B9:83:17:BB:5A:18:F1:
F2:5B:F3:12:06:0A:1D:48:C3:BA:89:2C:40:64:1C:2C:52:7C:46:BE:
27:49:F5:55:42:1B:71:38:A2:1B:FA:58:BB:CE:7C:70:2C:EC:37:7B:
65:91:A1:E7:23:6E:B6:92:9D:B9:20:43:F5:39:7F:95:CA:36:DC:C0:
DA:82:49:AC:21:69:65:DF:5D:0F:C5:8F:E5:E6:92:76:F1:DD:18:7E:
91:D2:DC:43:86:CA:5B:66:7C:FF:AE:EA:F9:06:F8:55:4A:1F:C0:56:
8B:F7:6C:9E:77:35:9B:E0:14:9D:C4:68:D8:5E:FD:3F:53:73:F1:B6:
12:67:9E:F4:68:48:C8:A7:80:69:42:01:83:52:D8:EF:54:FE:11:E4:
63:3C:6F:B3:B6:BF:E9:4F:DF:52:C4:A7:6B:35:D6:3B:C9:E2:FD:48:
70:41:D1:D1:68:4C:D4:12:7F:CB:7D:92:E5:E6:79:4A:5B:5E:7C:38:
1D:98:B2:EF:0E:F3:8D:07:1B:51:75:2A:58:2E:F2:53:BA:6A:79:F5:
AD:D1:12:08:E1:15:EC:5C:7A:CF:99:A2:9B:DB:BB:C0:EE:BD:C0:96:
77:92:D7:CC:68:14:A2:61:E0:F2:65:64:54:70:B8:73
parm: debug:int
]]></computeroutput>

<computeroutput>$ </computeroutput><userinput>sudo apt install dahdi-dkms</userinput>
<computeroutput><![CDATA[[...]
Setting up dkms (2.8.4-33.0.10-8+deb12u1) ...
Setting up linux-headers-5.10.0-8-amd64 (5.10.46-4compiler-gcc-12-x86 (6.1.99-1) ...
Setting up fxload (0.0.20081013-2) ...
/etc/kernel/header_postinst.d/dkms:
dkms: running auto installation service for kernel 5.10.0-8-amd64:Setting up linux-headers-6.1.0-23-common (6.1.99-1) ...
Setting up linux-kbuild-6.1 (6.1.99-1) ...
Setting up dahdi-dkms (1:2.11.1.0.20170917~dfsg-78.4) ...
Loading new dahdi-2.11.1.0.20170917~dfsg-7.4 DKMS files...
Building for 56.10.0-823-amd64
Building initial module for 56.10.0-823-amd64
Done.

dahdi_dummy.ko:
Running module version sanity check.
- Original module
- No original module exists within this kernel
- Installation
- Installing to /lib/modules/56.10.0-823-amd64/updates/dkms/

dahdi_dynamic_eth.ko:
Running module version sanity check.
- Original module
- No original module exists within this kernel
- Installation
- Installing to /lib/modules/56.10.0-823-amd64/updates/dkms/

[...]
DKMS: install completed.depmod...
Setting up dahdi-linux (1:2.11.1.0.20170917~dfsg-8.4) ...
Setting up linux-headers-6.1.0-23-amd64 (6.1.99-1) ...
/etc/kernel/header_postinst.d/dkms:
dkms: running auto installation service for kernel 6.1.0-23-amd64.
dkms: autoinstall for kernel: 6.1.0-23-amd64.
Setting up linux-headers-amd64 (6.1.99-1) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.11.2-2) ...
]]>
$ </computeroutput><userinput>sudo dkms status</userinput>
<computeroutput>dahdi, /2.11.1.0.20170917~dfsg-7.4, 56.10.0-823-amd64, x86_64: installed
$ </computeroutput><userinput>sudo modinfo dahdi_dummy</userinput>
<computeroutput><![CDATA[ filename: /lib/modules/56.10.0-823-amd64/updates/dkms/dahdi_dummy.ko
license: GPL v2
author: Robert Pleh <robert.pleh@hermes.si>
description: Timing-Only Driver
depends: dahdi
retpoline: Y
name: dahdi_dummy
vermagic: 56.10.0-823-amd64 SMP preempt mod_unload modversions
parm: sig_id: PKCS#7
signer: DKMS module signing key
sig_key: 69:A6:CA:D5:86:6A:FE:F4:A8:04:6A:31:8B:AB:E1:07:88:BA:45:C7
sig_hashalgo: sha256
signature: 9B:F9:8E:38:4D:06:A6:20:52:33:D9:AE:9D:B9:83:17:BB:5A:18:F1:
F2:5B:F3:12:06:0A:1D:48:C3:BA:89:2C:40:64:1C:2C:52:7C:46:BE:
27:49:F5:55:42:1B:71:38:A2:1B:FA:58:BB:CE:7C:70:2C:EC:37:7B:
65:91:A1:E7:23:6E:B6:92:9D:B9:20:43:F5:39:7F:95:CA:36:DC:C0:
DA:82:49:AC:21:69:65:DF:5D:0F:C5:8F:E5:E6:92:76:F1:DD:18:7E:
91:D2:DC:43:86:CA:5B:66:7C:FF:AE:EA:F9:06:F8:55:4A:1F:C0:56:
8B:F7:6C:9E:77:35:9B:E0:14:9D:C4:68:D8:5E:FD:3F:53:73:F1:B6:
12:67:9E:F4:68:48:C8:A7:80:69:42:01:83:52:D8:EF:54:FE:11:E4:
63:3C:6F:B3:B6:BF:E9:4F:DF:52:C4:A7:6B:35:D6:3B:C9:E2:FD:48:
70:41:D1:D1:68:4C:D4:12:7F:CB:7D:92:E5:E6:79:4A:5B:5E:7C:38:
1D:98:B2:EF:0E:F3:8D:07:1B:51:75:2A:58:2E:F2:53:BA:6A:79:F5:
AD:D1:12:08:E1:15:EC:5C:7A:CF:99:A2:9B:DB:BB:C0:EE:BD:C0:96:
77:92:D7:CC:68:14:A2:61:E0:F2:65:64:54:70:B8:73
parm: debug:int
]]></computeroutput>
01/01/2026
User avatar arifpedia

Translation uploaded

<computeroutput>$ </computeroutput><userinput>cp /boot/config-6.1.0-21-amd64 ~/kernel/linux-source-6.1/.config</userinput>

<computeroutput>$ </computeroutput><userinput>cp /boot/config-56.10.0-821-amd64 ~/kernel/linux-source-56.10/.config</userinput>
01/01/2026
User avatar arifpedia

Translation uploaded
<computeroutput>
$ </computeroutput><userinput>wget https://kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v6.x/linux-6.1.99.tar.xz</userinput><computeroutput>
[..]
$ </computeroutput><userinput>wget https://kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v6.x/linux-6.1.99.tar.sign</userinput><computeroutput>
[..]
$ </computeroutput><userinput>unxz -c linux-6.1.99.tar.xz | gpg --verify linux-6.1.99.tar.sign -</userinput><computeroutput><![CDATA[
gpg: Signature made Mon 15 Jul 2024 03:24:49 AM EDT
gpg: using RSA key 647F28654894E3BD457199BE38DBBDC86092693E
gpg: Good signature from "Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>" [unknown]
gpg: aka "Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@kernel.org>" [unknown]
gpg: aka "Greg Kroah-Hartman (Linux kernel stable release signing key) <greg@kroah.com>" [unknown]
gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature!
gpg: There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner.
Primary key fingerprint: 647F 2865 4894 E3BD 4571 99BE 38DB BDC8 6092 693E]]></computeroutput>
<computeroutput>
$ </computeroutput><userinput>wget https://kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v56.x/linux-5.10.626.1.99.tar.xz</userinput><computeroutput>
[..]
$ </computeroutput><userinput>wget https://kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v56.x/linux-5.10.626.1.99.tar.sign</userinput><computeroutput>
[..]
$ </computeroutput><userinput>unxz -c linux-5.10.626.1.99.tar.xz | gpg --verify linux-5.10.626.1.99.tar.sign -</userinput><computeroutput><![CDATA[
gpg: Signature made Fri 03 Sep 2021 10:11:35Mon 15 Jul 2024 03:24:49 AM CESEDT
gpg: using RSA key 647F28654894E3BD457199BE38DBBDC86092693E
gpg: Good signature from "Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>" [unknown]
gpg: aka "Greg Kroah-Hartman (Linux kernel stable release signing key) <greg@kroah.com<gregkh@kernel.org>" [unknown]
gpg: aka "Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@kernel.org(Linux kernel stable release signing key) <greg@kroah.com>" [unknown]
gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature!
gpg: There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner.
Primary key fingerprint: 647F 2865 4894 E3BD 4571 99BE 38DB BDC8 6092 693E]]></computeroutput>
01/01/2026
User avatar arifpedia

Translation uploaded

<computeroutput>$ </computeroutput><userinput>mkdir ~/kernel; cd ~/kernel</userinput>
<computeroutput>$ </computeroutput><userinput>tar -xaf /usr/src/linux-source-6.1.tar.xz</userinput>

<computeroutput>$ </computeroutput><userinput>mkdir ~/kernel; cd ~/kernel</userinput>
<computeroutput>$ </computeroutput><userinput>tar -xaf /usr/src/linux-source-56.10.tar.xz</userinput>
01/01/2026
User avatar arifpedia

Translation uploaded
We assume the <emphasis role="pkg">linux-source-5.10</emphasis> package has been installed. It contains <filename>/usr/src/linux-source-6.1.tar.xz</filename>, a compressed archive of the kernel sources. You must extract these files in a new directory (not directly under <filename>/usr/src/</filename>, since there is no need for special permissions to compile a Linux kernel): <filename>~/kernel/</filename> is appropriate.
Kita ami mengasumsikan paket <emphasis role="pkg">linux-source-5.10</emphasis> telah terdipasang. IPaket ini berisi <filename>/usr/src/linux-source-56.10.tar.xz</filename>, sebuah arsip sumber kernel yang dikompresiterkompresi dari sumber kernel. Anda harus mengekstrak berkas-berkas ini ke dalam sebuah direktori baru (tidakbukan langsung di bawah <filename>/usr/src/</filename>, sebab untuk mengompilasi kernel Linux tidak memerlukan hak akses khususkarena tidak ada kebutuhan izin khusus untuk mengompilasi kernel Linux): <filename>~/kernel/</filename> cocok digunakan.
01/01/2026
User avatar arifpedia

Translation uploaded
Unsurprisingly, Debian manages the kernel in the form of a package, which is not how kernels have traditionally been compiled and installed. Since the kernel remains under the control of the packaging system, it can then be removed cleanly, or deployed on several machines. Furthermore, the scripts associated with these packages automate the interaction with the bootloader and the initrd generator.
Tidak mengejutherankan, Debian mengelola kernel dalam bentuk paket, yang mana tidakbukan cara kernel secara tradisional kernel dikompilasi dan diinstall. Selampasang. Karena kernel tetap berada dalam kontroli bawah kendali sistem pemaket, an, kernel tersebut kemudian dapat dicopothapus dengan bersih, atau disebarterapkan pada beberapa mesin. LagipulaSelain itu, skrip yang berhubunganterkait dengan paket ini secara-paket ini mengotomatisasikan interaksi dengan bootloader dan pembuangkit initrd.
01/01/2026
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