2. Debian Installation Guide
3. Preseed

To skip keyboard configuration, preseed <classname>keymap</classname> with <userinput>skip-config</userinput>. This will result in the kernel keymap remaining active.

使用 <userinput>skip-config</userinput> 可以跳过键盘来预置 <classname>keymap</classname>，可以跳过键盘配置。这将导致内核 keymap 保持活动。

<entry>no</entry>

<entry>no否</entry>

<entry>yes</entry>

<entry>yes是</entry>

There are several features of &debian; Installer that combine to allow fairly simple command lines at the boot prompt to result in arbitrarily complex customized automatic installs.

有几个 &debian; 安装器程序的特性结合到一起，在引导提示时允许相当简单的命令行，导致了任何复杂的定制化自动安装。

The <literal>auto</literal> boot choice is not yet defined on all arches. The same effect may be achieved by simply adding the two parameters <literal>auto=true priority=critical</literal> to the kernel command line. The <literal>auto</literal> kernel parameter is an alias for <literal>auto-install/enable</literal> and setting it to <literal>true</literal> delays the locale and keyboard questions until after there has been a chance to preseed them, while <literal>priority</literal> is an alias for <literal>debconf/priority</literal> and setting it to <literal>critical</literal> stops any questions with a lower priority from being asked.

<literal>auto</literal> 引导先择并未在所有架构上定义。在内核命令行上可以通过添加 <literal>auto=true priority=critical</literal> 两个参数达到同样的效果。<literal>auto</literal> 内核参数是 <literal>auto-install/enable</literal> 的别名，将其设为 <literal>true</literal> 可以延迟 locale 和键盘等问题的提出，使其可以提供预置，其中 <literal>priority</literal> 是 <literal>debconf/priority</literal> 的别名，设置它为 <literal>critical</literal> 可以禁止在较低优先级下的问题提出。

Obviously, any questions that have been processed before the preconfiguration file is loaded cannot be preseeded (this will include questions that are only displayed at medium or low priority, like the first hardware detection run). A not so convenient way to avoid these questions from being asked is to preseed them through the boot parameters, as described in <xref linkend="preseed-bootparms"/>.

显而易见，在加载预置文件之前需要的过程都不能被预置(这里面包括只在 medium 或 low 优先级出现的问题，像首先运行的硬件检测)。避免询问这些问题的不那么方便的方法，是通过引导参数来预置它们，如在<xref linkend="preseed-bootparms"/> 提供了避免这些问题被询问的方法中描述的。

An important difference between the preseeding methods is the point at which the preconfiguration file is loaded and processed. For initrd preseeding this is right at the start of the installation, before the first question is even asked. Preseeding from the kernel command line happens just after. It is thus possible to override configuration set in the initrd by editing the kernel command line (either in the bootloader configuration or manually at boot time for bootloaders that allow it). For file preseeding this is after the installation image has been loaded. For network preseeding it is only after the network has been configured.

这些预置方法的主要不同之处在于何时预置文件被加载和处理。对于 initrd 方法，它是在第一个问题询问之前，安装开始的时候。来自内核命令行的前置尽在其后发生。这样能够通过编辑内核命令行，来否决 initrd 中设置的配置（或者在 bootloader配置，或者对于允许的 bootloader 在引导时手动）。对于 file 方法，它是在加载 CD 或 CD 安装映像之后。对 network 方法，它在网络配置完毕之后。

<phrase arch="linux-any"># Grub is the boot loader (for x86).</phrase><phrase
arch="kfreebsd-any;hurd-any"># To install no bootloader, uncomment this
#d-i grub-installer/skip boolean true</phrase>

# This is fairly safe to set, it makes grub install automatically to the UEFI
# partition/boot record if no other operating system is detected on the machine.
d-i grub-installer/only_debian boolean true

# This one makes grub-installer install to the UEFI partition/boot record, if
# it also finds some other OS, which is less safe as it might not be able to
# boot that other OS.
d-i grub-installer/with_other_os boolean true

# Due notably to potential USB sticks, the location of the primary drive can
# not be determined safely in general, so this needs to be specified:
#d-i grub-installer/bootdev string /dev/sda
# To install to the primary device (assuming it is not a USB stick):
#d-i grub-installer/bootdev string default

# Alternatively, if you want to install to a location other than the UEFI
# parition/boot record, uncomment and edit these lines:
#d-i grub-installer/only_debian boolean false
#d-i grub-installer/with_other_os boolean false
#d-i grub-installer/bootdev string (hd0,1)
# To install grub to multiple disks:
#d-i grub-installer/bootdev string (hd0,1) (hd1,1) (hd2,1)

# Optional password for grub, either in clear text
#d-i grub-installer/password password r00tme
#d-i grub-installer/password-again password r00tme
# or encrypted using an MD5 hash, see grub-md5-crypt(8).
#d-i grub-installer/password-crypted password [MD5 hash]

# Use the following option to add additional boot parameters for the
# installed system (if supported by the bootloader installer).
# Note: options passed to the installer will be added automatically.
#d-i debian-installer/add-kernel-opts string nousb

<phrase arch="linux-any"># Grub is the default boot loader (for x86). If you want lilo installed
# instead, uncomment this:
#d-i grub-installer/skip boolean true
# To also skip installing lilo, and install no bootloader, uncomment this
# too:
#d-i lilo-installer/skip boolean true</phrase>
<phrase
arch="kfreebsd-any;hurd-any"># To install no bootloader, uncomment this
#d-i grub-installer/skip boolean true</phrase>

# This is fairly safe to set, it makes grub install automatically to the MBR
#UEFI
# partition/boot record if no other operating system is detected on the machine.
d-i grub-installer/only_debian boolean true

# This one makes grub-installer install to the MBRUEFI partition/boot record, if
# it also finds some other
# OS, which is less safe as it might not be able to
# boot that other OS.
d-i grub-installer/with_other_os boolean true

# Due notably to potential USB sticks, the location of the primary drive can
# not be determined safely in general, so this needs to be specified:
#d-i grub-installer/bootdev string /dev/sda
# To install to the primary device (assuming it is not a USB stick):
#d-i grub-installer/bootdev string default

# Alternatively, if you want to install to a location other than the mbr,
#UEFI
# parition/boot record, uncomment and edit these lines:
#d-i grub-installer/only_debian boolean false
#d-i grub-installer/with_other_os boolean false
#d-i grub-installer/bootdev string (hd0,1)
# To install grub to multiple disks:
#d-i grub-installer/bootdev string (hd0,1) (hd1,1) (hd2,1)
# To install to a particular device:
#d-i grub-installer/bootdev string /dev/sda

# Optional password for grub, either in clear text
#d-i grub-installer/password password r00tme
#d-i grub-installer/password-again password r00tme
# or encrypted using an MD5 hash, see grub-md5-crypt(8).
#d-i grub-installer/password-crypted password [MD5 hash]

# Use the following option to add additional boot parameters for the
# installed system (if supported by the bootloader installer).
# Note: options passed to the installer will be added automatically.
#d-i debian-installer/add-kernel-opts string nousb

#tasksel tasksel/first multiselect standard, web-server, kde-desktop

# Individual additional packages to install
#d-i pkgsel/include string openssh-server build-essential
# Whether to upgrade packages after debootstrap.
# Allowed values: none, safe-upgrade, full-upgrade
#d-i pkgsel/upgrade select none

# Some versions of the installer can report back on what software you have
# installed, and what software you use. The default is not to report back,
# but sending reports helps the project determine what software is most
# popular and should be included on the first CD/DVD.
#popularity-contest popularity-contest/participate boolean false

#tasksel tasksel/first multiselect standard, web-server, kde-desktop

# Individual additional packages to install
#d-i pkgsel/include string openssh-server build-essential
# Whether to upgrade packages after debootstrap.
# Allowed values: none, safe-upgrade, full-upgrade
#d-i pkgsel/upgrade select none

# Some versions of the installer can report back on what software you have
# installed, and what software you use. The default is not to report back,
# but sending reports helps the project determine what software is most
# popular and include it on CDsshould be included on the first CD/DVD.
#popularity-contest popularity-contest/participate boolean false

<userinput>ssh-server</userinput> (SSH server)

<userinput>ssh-server</userinput> (（SSH server)服务器）