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English Checked-By: Ryuunosuke Ayanokouzi;
<computeroutput>mirexpress:/dev/disk/by-id# </computeroutput><userinput>ls -l
</userinput><computeroutput>total 0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 23 jul. 08:58 ata-STM3500418AS_9VM3L3KP -&gt; ../../sda
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 23 jul. 08:58 ata-STM3500418AS_9VM3L3KP-part1 -&gt; ../../sda1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 23 jul. 08:58 ata-STM3500418AS_9VM3L3KP-part2 -&gt; ../../sda2
[...]
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 23 jul. 08:58 ata-WDC_WD5001AALS-00L3B2_WD-WCAT00241697 -&gt; ../../sdb
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 23 jul. 08:58 ata-WDC_WD5001AALS-00L3B2_WD-WCAT00241697-part1 -&gt; ../../sdb1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 23 jul. 08:58 ata-WDC_WD5001AALS-00L3B2_WD-WCAT00241697-part2 -&gt; ../../sdb2
[...]
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 23 jul. 08:58 scsi-SATA_STM3500418AS_9VM3L3KP -&gt; ../../sda
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 23 jul. 08:58 scsi-SATA_STM3500418AS_9VM3L3KP-part1 -&gt; ../../sda1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 23 jul. 08:58 scsi-SATA_STM3500418AS_9VM3L3KP-part2 -&gt; ../../sda2
[...]
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 23 jul. 08:58 scsi-SATA_WDC_WD5001AALS-_WD-WCAT00241697 -&gt; ../../sdb
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 23 jul. 08:58 scsi-SATA_WDC_WD5001AALS-_WD-WCAT00241697-part1 -&gt; ../../sdb1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 23 jul. 08:58 scsi-SATA_WDC_WD5001AALS-_WD-WCAT00241697-part2 -&gt; ../../sdb2
[...]
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 23 jul. 16:48 usb-LaCie_iamaKey_3ed00e26ccc11a-0:0 -&gt; ../../sdc
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 23 jul. 16:48 usb-LaCie_iamaKey_3ed00e26ccc11a-0:0-part1 -&gt; ../../sdc1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 23 jul. 16:48 usb-LaCie_iamaKey_3ed00e26ccc11a-0:0-part2 -&gt; ../../sdc2
[...]
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 23 jul. 08:58 wwn-0x5000c50015c4842f -&gt; ../../sda
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 23 jul. 08:58 wwn-0x5000c50015c4842f-part1 -&gt; ../../sda1
[...]
mirexpress:/dev/disk/by-id# </computeroutput>
1787/18070 · 1807

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English Japanese Actions
<primary>Globally Unique Identifier</primary><see>GUID</see>
 
<primary>UEFI</primary>
<primary>UTF-8</primary>
Using GPT the partition type is represented as a 16 bytes long universally unique identifier, also known as Globally Unique Identifier (GUID), which is part of the UEFI standard (see <xref linkend="sidebar.bios-uefi" />). Compared to the hex code used to determine the partition type in the MS-DOS table format, you will have a hard time trying to remember these identifiers. Fortunately there are lists with all the IDs which you can use to create partition recipes to use with <command>sfdisk</command> or for <foreignphrase>preseeding</foreignphrase> the Debian installer. <ulink type="block" url="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GUID_Partition_Table#Partition_type_GUIDs" />
 
It is not always easy to remember what disk is connected to which SATA controller, or in third position in the SCSI chain, especially since the naming of hotplugged hard drives (which includes among others most SATA disks and external disks) can change from one boot to another. Fortunately, <command>udev</command> creates, in addition to <filename>/dev/sd*</filename>, symbolic links with a fixed name, which you could then use if you wished to identify a hard drive in a non-ambiguous manner. These symbolic links are stored in <filename>/dev/disk/by-id/</filename>. On a machine with two physical disks, for example, one could find the following:
どのディスクがどの SATA コントローラに (たとえば SCSI チェーンの 3 番目に) 接続されているかを記憶するのは常に簡単というわけではありません。なぜなら、特にホットプラグ対応のハードドライブ (これには多くの SATA ディスクや外部ディスクが含まれます) の名前は起動の度に変わるからです。幸いなことに、<command>udev</command> は <filename>/dev/sd*</filename> に加えて、固有名のシンボリックリンクを作成します。曖昧でない方法でハードドライブを識別したい場合にはこのシンボリックリンクを使うことが可能です。これらのシンボリックリンクは <filename>/dev/disk/by-id</filename> に保存されています。たとえば 2 台の物理ディスクを備えるマシンでは以下のようなシンボリックリンクが見つかります。
<primary><filename>/dev</filename></primary><secondary><filename>/dev/disk/by-id/</filename></secondary>
<primary sortas="カンキョウ">環境</primary><secondary sortas="カンキョウヘンスウ">環境変数</secondary>
<computeroutput>mirexpress:/dev/disk/by-id# </computeroutput><userinput>ls -l
</userinput><computeroutput>total 0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 23 jul. 08:58 ata-STM3500418AS_9VM3L3KP -&gt; ../../sda
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 23 jul. 08:58 ata-STM3500418AS_9VM3L3KP-part1 -&gt; ../../sda1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 23 jul. 08:58 ata-STM3500418AS_9VM3L3KP-part2 -&gt; ../../sda2
[...]
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 23 jul. 08:58 ata-WDC_WD5001AALS-00L3B2_WD-WCAT00241697 -&gt; ../../sdb
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 23 jul. 08:58 ata-WDC_WD5001AALS-00L3B2_WD-WCAT00241697-part1 -&gt; ../../sdb1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 23 jul. 08:58 ata-WDC_WD5001AALS-00L3B2_WD-WCAT00241697-part2 -&gt; ../../sdb2
[...]
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 23 jul. 08:58 scsi-SATA_STM3500418AS_9VM3L3KP -&gt; ../../sda
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 23 jul. 08:58 scsi-SATA_STM3500418AS_9VM3L3KP-part1 -&gt; ../../sda1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 23 jul. 08:58 scsi-SATA_STM3500418AS_9VM3L3KP-part2 -&gt; ../../sda2
[...]
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 23 jul. 08:58 scsi-SATA_WDC_WD5001AALS-_WD-WCAT00241697 -&gt; ../../sdb
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 23 jul. 08:58 scsi-SATA_WDC_WD5001AALS-_WD-WCAT00241697-part1 -&gt; ../../sdb1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 23 jul. 08:58 scsi-SATA_WDC_WD5001AALS-_WD-WCAT00241697-part2 -&gt; ../../sdb2
[...]
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 23 jul. 16:48 usb-LaCie_iamaKey_3ed00e26ccc11a-0:0 -&gt; ../../sdc
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 23 jul. 16:48 usb-LaCie_iamaKey_3ed00e26ccc11a-0:0-part1 -&gt; ../../sdc1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 23 jul. 16:48 usb-LaCie_iamaKey_3ed00e26ccc11a-0:0-part2 -&gt; ../../sdc2
[...]
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 23 jul. 08:58 wwn-0x5000c50015c4842f -&gt; ../../sda
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 23 jul. 08:58 wwn-0x5000c50015c4842f-part1 -&gt; ../../sda1
[...]
mirexpress:/dev/disk/by-id# </computeroutput>
<computeroutput>mirexpress:/dev/disk/by-id# </computeroutput><userinput>ls -l
</userinput><computeroutput>合計 0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 7月 23 08:58 ata-STM3500418AS_9VM3L3KP -&gt; ../../sda
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 7月 23 08:58 ata-STM3500418AS_9VM3L3KP-part1 -&gt; ../../sda1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 7月 23 08:58 ata-STM3500418AS_9VM3L3KP-part2 -&gt; ../../sda2
[...]
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 7月 23 08:58 ata-WDC_WD5001AALS-00L3B2_WD-WCAT00241697 -&gt; ../../sdb
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 7月 23 08:58 ata-WDC_WD5001AALS-00L3B2_WD-WCAT00241697-part1 -&gt; ../../sdb1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 7月 23 08:58 ata-WDC_WD5001AALS-00L3B2_WD-WCAT00241697-part2 -&gt; ../../sdb2
[...]
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 7月 23 08:58 scsi-SATA_STM3500418AS_9VM3L3KP -&gt; ../../sda
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 7月 23 08:58 scsi-SATA_STM3500418AS_9VM3L3KP-part1 -&gt; ../../sda1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 7月 23 08:58 scsi-SATA_STM3500418AS_9VM3L3KP-part2 -&gt; ../../sda2
[...]
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 7月 23 08:58 scsi-SATA_WDC_WD5001AALS-_WD-WCAT00241697 -&gt; ../../sdb
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 7月 23 08:58 scsi-SATA_WDC_WD5001AALS-_WD-WCAT00241697-part1 -&gt; ../../sdb1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 7月 23 08:58 scsi-SATA_WDC_WD5001AALS-_WD-WCAT00241697-part2 -&gt; ../../sdb2
[...]
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 7月 23 16:48 usb-LaCie_iamaKey_3ed00e26ccc11a-0:0 -&gt; ../../sdc
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 7月 23 16:48 usb-LaCie_iamaKey_3ed00e26ccc11a-0:0-part1 -&gt; ../../sdc1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 7月 23 16:48 usb-LaCie_iamaKey_3ed00e26ccc11a-0:0-part2 -&gt; ../../sdc2
[...]
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 7月 23 08:58 wwn-0x5000c50015c4842f -&gt; ../../sda
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 7月 23 08:58 wwn-0x5000c50015c4842f-part1 -&gt; ../../sda1
[...]
mirexpress:/dev/disk/by-id# </computeroutput>
Note that some disks are listed several times (because they behave simultaneously as ATA disks and SCSI disks), but the relevant information is mainly in the model and serial numbers of the disks, from which you can find the peripheral file. While the links in <filename>/dev/disk/by-id/</filename> are created using the device' serial number and physical path, there are more convenience links in e.g. <filename>/dev/disk/by-label/</filename> (based on given labels), <filename>/dev/disk/by-uuid/</filename> (based on unique identifiers, which can change when reformatting a device using <command>mkfs.*</command> or <command>mkswap</command>), <filename>/dev/disk/by-path/</filename> (based on shortest physical path), and <filename>/dev/disk/by-partlabel/</filename> and <filename>/dev/disk/by-partuuid/</filename> (only partitions with GPT labels and their unique identifiers). If you use these links, e.g. in <filename>/etc/fstab</filename>, always prefer unique identifiers over labels. You can also obtain and change this information for each partition or device using the <command>lsblk</command> and <command>blkid</command> commands.
 
<primary><filename>/dev</filename></primary><secondary><filename>/dev/disk/by-label/</filename></secondary>
<primary sortas="カンキョウ">環境</primary><secondary sortas="カンキョウヘンスウ">環境変数</secondary>
<primary><filename>/dev</filename></primary><secondary><filename>/dev/disk/by-uuid/</filename></secondary>
<primary sortas="カンキョウ">環境</primary><secondary sortas="カンキョウヘンスウ">環境変数</secondary>
<primary><filename>/dev</filename></primary><secondary><filename>/dev/disk/by-path/</filename></secondary>
<primary sortas="カンキョウ">環境</primary><secondary sortas="カンキョウヘンスウ">環境変数</secondary>
<primary><filename>/dev</filename></primary><secondary><filename>/dev/disk/by-partlabel/</filename></secondary>
<primary sortas="カンキョウ">環境</primary><secondary sortas="カンキョウヘンスウ">環境変数</secondary>

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Source string description
Checked-By: Ryuunosuke Ayanokouzi;
Flags
xml-text
String age
8 years ago
Last updated
11 months ago
Source string age
8 years ago
Translation file
ja-JP/08_basic-configuration.po, string 626