2. SDG Metadata
3. 7-2-1
4. English

<p><strong>URL: </strong></p>
<p><a href="file:///\\jupiter\EDC\CO2\Collaboration\SDG\SDG7\GTF%202021\Data\Meta%20data\iea.org">iea.org</a>; <a href="https://unstats.un.org/unsd/energystats/">unstats.un.org/unsd/energystats</a></p>
<p><strong>References: </strong></p>
<p>IEA Energy Balances and Statistics </p>
<p><a href="http://www.iea.org/statistics/">http://www.iea.org/statistics/ </a></p>
<p>UN Energy Statistics Database <a id="OLE_LINK2"></a><a id="OLE_LINK1"></a></p>
<p> <a href="https://unstats.un.org/unsd/energystats/data/">unstats.un.org/unsd/energystats/data</a> (description) and <a href="http://data.un.org/Explorer.aspx?d=EDATA">data.un.org/Explorer.aspx?d=EDATA</a> (data). Downloadable though API (https://data.un.org/ws). Browse contents on https://data.un.org/SdmxBrowser/start.</p>
<p>IEA SDG 7 webpage: <a href="file:///C:\Users\leonardo.souza\Documents\Leo\Energy\Sustainable%20Development\SDG%20Indicators\IEA%20coordination\iea.org\reports\sdg7-data-and-projections">iea.org/reports/sdg7-data-and-projections</a></p>
<p>United Nations. 2018. &#x201C;International Recommendations for Energy Statistics&#x201D;. <a href="https://unstats.un.org/unsd/energystats/methodology/ires">unstats.un.org/unsd/energystats/methodology/ires</a></p>
<p>International Energy Agency (IEA), International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD), the World Bank, World Health Organization (WHO). 2019. &#x201C;Tracking SDG7: The Energy Progress Report 2019&#x201D;. <a href="https://trackingsdg7.esmap.org/">trackingsdg7.esmap.org/</a> </p>
<p>International Energy Agency (IEA), International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD), the World Bank, World Health Organization (WHO). 2018. &#x201C;Tracking SDG7: The Energy Progress Report 2018&#x201D;. <a href="https://trackingsdg7.esmap.org/">trackingsdg7.esmap.org/</a></p>
<p>International Energy Agency (IEA) and the World Bank. 2017. &#x201C;Global Tracking Framework 2017&#x2014;Progress toward Sustainable Energy&#x201D;. World Bank, Washington, DC. License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 IGO. <a href="https://www.seforall.org/sites/default/files/eegp17-01_gtf_full_report_final_for_web_posting_0402.pdf">seforall.org/sites/default/files/eegp17-01_gtf_full_report_final_for_web_posting_0402.pdf</a></p>
<p>International Energy Agency (IEA) and the World Bank. 2015. &#x201C;Global Tracking Framework 2015&#x2014;Progress Toward Sustainable Energy&#x201D;, World Bank, Washington, DC. Doi: 10.1596/978-1-4648 -0690-2 License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 IGO. <a href="http://seforall.org/sites/default/files/GTF-2105-Full-Report.pdf">seforall.org/sites/default/files/GTF-2105-Full-Report.pdf</a></p>
<p>International Energy Agency (IEA) and the World Bank. 2013. &#x201C;Global Tracking Framework 2013&#x201D;. <a href="https://webstore.iea.org/global-tracking-framework-2013">webstore.iea.org/global-tracking-framework-2013</a></p>
<p>IRENA Renewable Energy Database </p>
<p><a href="https://www.irena.org/statistics">https://www.irena.org/statistics</a>.</p>
<p>United Nations. 2016. &#x201C;Energy Statistics Compilers Manual&#x201D; </p>
<p><a href="file:///\\jupiter\EDC\CO2\Collaboration\SDG\SDG7\GTF%202021\Data\Meta%20data\unstats.un.org\unsd\energystats\methodology\escm\">unstats.un.org/unsd/energystats/methodology/escm/</a></p>

<p><strong>URL: </strong></p>
<p>iea.org<a href="file:///\\jupiter\EDC\CO2\Collaboration\SDG\SDG7\GTF%202021\Data\Meta%20data\iea.org">iea.org</a>; <a href="https://unstats.un.org/unsd/energystats/">unstats.un.org/unsd/energystats</a></p>
<p><strong>References: </strong></p>
<p>IEA Energy Balances and Statistics </p>
<p><a href="http://www.iea.org/statistics/">http://www.iea.org/statistics/ </a></p>
<p>UN Energy Statistics Database <a id="OLE_LINK2"></a><a id="OLE_LINK1"></a></p>
<p> <a href="https://unstats.un.org/unsd/energystats/data/">unstats.un.org/unsd/energystats/data</a> (description) and <a href="http://data.un.org/Explorer.aspx?d=EDATA">data.un.org/Explorer.aspx?d=EDATA</a> (data). Downloadable though API (https://data.un.org/ws). Browse contents on https://data.un.org/SdmxBrowser/start.</p>
<p>IEA SDG 7 webpage: <a href="file:///C:\Users\leonardo.souza\Documents\Leo\Energy\Sustainable%20Development\SDG%20Indicators\IEA%20coordination\iea.org\reports\sdg7-data-and-projections">iea.org/reports/sdg7-data-and-projections</a></p>
<p>United Nations. 2018. &#x201C;International Recommendations for Energy Statistics&#x201D;. <a href="https://unstats.un.org/unsd/energystats/methodology/ires">unstats.un.org/unsd/energystats/methodology/ires</a></p>
<p>International Energy Agency (IEA), International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD), the World Bank, World Health Organization (WHO). 2019. &#x201C;Tracking SDG7: The Energy Progress Report 2019&#x201D;. <a href="https://trackingsdg7.esmap.org/">trackingsdg7.esmap.org/</a> </p>
<p>International Energy Agency (IEA), International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD), the World Bank, World Health Organization (WHO). 2018. &#x201C;Tracking SDG7: The Energy Progress Report 2018&#x201D;. <a href="https://trackingsdg7.esmap.org/">trackingsdg7.esmap.org/</a></p>
<p>International Energy Agency (IEA) and the World Bank. 2017. &#x201C;Global Tracking Framework 2017&#x2014;Progress toward Sustainable Energy&#x201D;. World Bank, Washington, DC. License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 IGO. <a href="https://www.seforall.org/sites/default/files/eegp17-01_gtf_full_report_final_for_web_posting_0402.pdf">seforall.org/sites/default/files/eegp17-01_gtf_full_report_final_for_web_posting_0402.pdf</a></p>
<p>International Energy Agency (IEA) and the World Bank. 2015. &#x201C;Global Tracking Framework 2015&#x2014;Progress Toward Sustainable Energy&#x201D;, World Bank, Washington, DC. Doi: 10.1596/978-1-4648 -0690-2 License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 IGO. <a href="http://seforall.org/sites/default/files/GTF-2105-Full-Report.pdf">seforall.org/sites/default/files/GTF-2105-Full-Report.pdf</a></p>
<p>International Energy Agency (IEA) and the World Bank. 2013. &#x201C;Global Tracking Framework 2013&#x201D;. <a href="https://webstore.iea.org/global-tracking-framework-2013">webstore.iea.org/global-tracking-framework-2013</a></p>
<p>IRENA Renewable Energy Database </p>
<p><a href="https://www.irena.org/statistics">https://www.irena.org/statistics</a>.</p>
<p>United Nations. 2016. &#x201C;Energy Statistics Compilers Manual&#x201D; (whitecover)</p>
<p</p>
<p><a href="file:///\\jupiter\EDC\CO2\Collaboration\SDG\SDG7\GTF%202021\Data\Meta%20data\unstats.un.org\unsd\energystats\methodology\escm\">unstats.un.org/unsd/energystats/methodology/escm/</a></p>

<p><strong>Data availability:</strong></p>
<p>Between the various existing data sources, primarily the IEA World Energy Balances and the UN Energy Statistics Database, annual total and renewable energy consumption for every country and area can be collected. The Tracking SDG7: The Energy Progress Report (formerly <em>Sustainable Energy for All Global Tracking Framework</em>) is reporting this indicator at a global level between 1990 and 2030. </p>
<p><strong>Time series:</strong></p>
<p>2000 &#x2013; present</p>
<p><strong>Disaggregation:</strong></p>
<p>Disaggregation of the data on consumption of renewable energy, e.g. by resource and end-use sector, could provide insights into other dimensions of the goal, such as affordability and reliability. For solar energy, it may also be of interest to disaggregate between on-grid and off-grid capacity.</p>

<p><strong>Data availability:</strong></p>
<p>Between the various existing data sources, primarily the IEA World Energy Balances and the UN Energy Statistics Database, annual total and renewable energy consumption for every country and area can be collected. The Tracking SDG7: The Energy Progress Report (formerly <em>Sustainable Energy for All Global Tracking Framework</em>) is reporting this indicator at a global level between 1990 and 2030. </p>
<p><strong>Time series:</strong></p>
<p>2000 &#x2013; present</p>
<p><strong>Disaggregation:</strong></p>
<p>Disaggregation of the data on consumption of renewable energy, e.g. by resource and end-use sector, could provide insights into other dimensions of the goal, such as affordability and reliability. For solar energy, it may also be of interest to disaggregate between on -grid and off-grid capacity.</p>

<p>The IEA has an extensive data quality validation process through exchange with national data providers worldwide. It also convenes its Energy Statistics Development Group meeting to discuss energy statistics developments with its Members, and cooperates with partners worldwide to ensure coherence of data and methods.</p>
<p>UNSD assesses many quality aspects of the data by means of internal checks, exchanges with national data providers, and comparison with alternative sources. </p>

<p>The IEA has an extensive data quality validation process through exchange with national data providers worldwide. It also convenes its Energy Statistics Development Group meeting to discuss energy statistics developments with its Members, and cooperates with partners worldwide to ensure coherence of data and methods.</p>
<p>UNSD assesses many quality aspects of the data by means of internal checks, exchanges with national data providers, and comparison with alternative sources. </p>

<p>The IEA follows the guidelines recommended by the IRES to ensure relevance, accuracy and reliability, timeliness and punctuality, accessibility and clarity as well as coherence and comparability of the data.</p>
<p>UNSD coordinated input from international organizations and countries to publish IRES and its practical companion, the ESCM. Each of both contains a chapter on quality assurance and metadata to help guide all countries ensure good energy data quality. </p>

<p>The IEA follows the guidelines recommended by the IRES to ensure relevance, accuracy and reliability, timeliness and punctuality, accessibility and clarity as well as coherence and comparability of the data.</p>
<p>UNSD coordinated input from international organizations and countries to publish IRES and its practical companion, the ESCM. Each of both contains a chapter on quality assurance and metadata to help guide all countries ensure good energy data quality. </p>

<p>The IEA, in co-operation with the Statistical Office of the European Communities (Eurostat), has published an Energy Statistics Manual. This Manual helps the energy statisticians have a better grasp of definitions, units and methodologies. Moreover, IEA has established a quality management framework based on the internationally recognized guidelines recommended by IRES to ensure quality of statistical products.</p>
<p> </p>
<p>ESCM contains a full chapter on the Generic Statistical Business Process Model applied to energy statistics, helping countries manage energy data quality. Inside UNSD, processes are established to ensure the quality of its products, and such processes are reviewed periodically.</p>

<p>The IEA, in co-operation with the Statistical Office of the European Communities (Eurostat), has published an Energy Statistics Manual. This Manual helps the energy statisticians have a better grasp of definitions, units and methodologies. Moreover, IEA has established a quality management framework based on the internationally recognized guidelines recommended by IRES to ensure quality of statistical products.</p>
<p> </p>
<p>ESCM contains a full chapter on the Generic Statistical Business Process Model applied to energy statistics, helping countries manage energy data quality. Inside UNSD, processes are established to ensure the quality of its products, and such processes are reviewed periodically.</p>

<p>The IEA data corresponding to OECD countries are derived based on information provided in</p>
<p>the five fuel-specific annual IEA/Eurostat joint questionnaires completed by the national administrations. These questionnaires are available online at: <a href="https://www.iea.org/areas-of-work/data-and-statistics/questionnaires">iea.org/areas-of-work/data-and-statistics/questionnaires</a></p>
<p>The IEA commodity balances for all other countries are based on national energy data of heterogeneous nature, converted and adapted to fit the IEA format and methodology based on IRES recommendations.</p>
<p>In addition to IRES, UNSD has published the <em>Energy Statistics Compilers Manual</em> (ESCM - <a href="https://unstats.un.org/unsd/energystats/methodology/escm/">unstats.un.org/unsd/energystats/methodology/escm/</a>) as a practical companion to assist countries in the compilation of data according to the international methodology. UNSD sends countries its own questionnaire (<a href="file:///C:\Users\leonardo.souza\Documents\Leo\Energy\Sustainable%20Development\SDG%20Indicators\IEA%20coordination\unstats.un.org\unsd\energystats\questionnaire\">unstats.un.org/unsd/energystats/questionnaire/</a>), except to the countries which are mandated to submit the IEA/Eurostat joint questionnaires. In the latter case, UNSD obtains data from the IEA.</p>

<p>The IEA data corresponding to OECD countries are derived based on information provided in</p>
<p>the five fuel -specific annual IEA/Eurostat joint questionnaires completed by the national administrations. These questionnaires are available online at: <a href="https://www.iea.org/areas-of-work/data-and-statistics/questionnaires">iea.org/areas-of-work/data-and-statistics/questionnaires</a></p>
<p>The IEA commodity balances for all other countries are based on national energy data of heterogeneous nature, converted and adapted to fit the IEA format and methodology based on IRES recommendations.</p>
<p>In addition to IRES, UNSD has published the <em>Energy Statistics Compilers Manual</em> (ESCM - <a href="https://unstats.un.org/unsd/energystats/methodology/escm/">unstats.un.org/unsd/energystats/methodology/escm/</a>) as a practical companion to assist countries in the compilation of data according to the international methodology. UNSD sends countries its own questionnaire (<a href="file:///C:\Users\leonardo.souza\Documents\Leo\Energy\Sustainable%20Development\SDG%20Indicators\IEA%20coordination\unstats.un.org\unsd\energystats\questionnaire\">unstats.un.org/unsd/energystats/questionnaire/</a>), except to the countries which are mandated to submit the IEA/Eurostat joint questionnaires. In the latter case, UNSD obtains data from the IEA.</p>

<p>The country specific commodity balances underlying the IEA energy data are based on national energy data of heterogeneous nature converted and adapted to fit the IEA format and methodology. Considerable effort has been made to ensure that the data adhere to the IEA definitions based on the guidelines provided by IRES. Nevertheless, energy statistics at the national level are often collected using criteria and definitions which differ, sometimes considerably, from those of international organisations. This is especially true for non-OECD countries, which are submitting data to the IEA on a voluntary basis. The IEA has identified most of these differences and, where possible, adjusted the data to meet international definitions. For details on recognized country specific anomalies and the corresponding adjustments, please refer to country specific notes included in the IEA World energy balances documentation file available at: <a href="http://wds.iea.org/wds/pdf/WORLDBAL_Documentation.pdf">wds.iea.org/wds/pdf/WORLDBAL_Documentation.pdf</a> </p>
<p>Likewise, UNSD also needs to adjust certain data to fit the international methodology set by IRES, thus ensuring data comparability across countries. Data from all countries are submitted voluntarily to UNSD, sometimes via non-standard formats or through sharing of national publications. The identification of such deviations from the standard is an ongoing task, and UNSD has started publishing some of this information in a supplement to the Energy Statistics Database named &#x201C;Notes on sources&#x201D;, available at: unstats.un.org/unsd/energystats/pubs/yearbook/, with the goal of increasing transparency and providing more and more information with time.</p>

<p>The country specific commodity balances underlying the IEA energy data are based on national energy data of heterogeneous nature converted and adapted to fit the IEA format and methodology. Considerable effort has been made to ensure that the data adhere to the IEA definitions based on the guidelines provided by IRES. Nevertheless, energy statistics at the national level are often collected using criteria and definitions which differ, sometimes considerably, from those of international organisations. This is especially true for non-OECD countries, which are submitting data to the IEA on a voluntary basis. The IEA has identified most of these differences and, where possible, adjusted the data to meet international definitions. For details on recognized country specific anomalies and the corresponding adjustments, please refer to country specific notes included in the IEA World energy balances documentation file available at: <a href="http://wds.iea.org/wds/pdf/WORLDBAL_Documentation.pdf">wds.iea.org/wds/pdf/WORLDBAL_Documentation.pdf</a> </p>
<p>Likewise, UNSD also needs to adjust certain data to fit the international methodology set by IRES, thus ensuring data comparability across countries. Data from all countries are submitted voluntarily to UNSD, sometimes via non-standard formats or through sharing of national publications. The identification of such deviations from the standard is an ongoing task, and UNSD has started publishing some of this information in a supplement to the Energy Statistics Database named &#x201C;Notes on sources&#x201D;, available at: unstats.un.org/unsd/energystats/pubs/yearbook/ , with the goal of increasing transparency and providing more and more information with time.</p>

<p>This indicator is based on the development of comprehensive energy statistics across supply and demand for all energy sources &#x2013; statistics used to produce the energy balance. Internationally agreed methodologies for energy statistics are described in the &#x201C;International Recommendations for Energy Statistics&#x201D; (IRES), adopted by the UN Statistical Commission, available at: <a href="https://unstats.un.org/unsd/energystats/methodology/ires">unstats.un.org/unsd/energystats/methodology/ires</a>.</p>
<p>Once an energy balance is developed, the indicator can be calculated by dividing final energy consumption from all renewable sources by total final energy consumption. Renewable energy consumption is derived as the sum of direct final consumption of renewable sources plus the components of electricity and heat consumption estimated to be derived from renewable sources based on generation shares. The indicator is calculated based on the following formula:</p>
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</math>: Total final energy consumption is the sum of final energy consumption in the transport, industry and other sectors (also equivalent to the total final consumption minus the non-energy use).</p>
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</math>: Renewable energy sources which include hydropower, wind, solar photovoltaic, solar thermal, geothermal, tide/wave/ocean, renewable municipal waste, solid biofuels, liquid biofuels, and biogases.</p>
<p>The denominator is the total final energy consumption of all energy products, while the numerator includes the direct consumption of renewable energy sources plus the final consumption of gross electricity and heat that is estimated to have come from renewable sources. This estimation allocates the amount of electricity and heat consumption to renewable sources based on the share of renewables in gross production in order to perform the calculation at the final energy level. For instance, if total final consumption is 150 TJ for biogas energy, while total final consumption of electricity is 400 TJ and heat 100 TJ, and the share of biogas is 10 percent in electricity output and 5 percent in heat output, the total reported number for biogas consumption will be 195 TJ (150 TJ+400TJ*10%+100TJ*5%).</p>
<p>The Global Tracking Framework Report (IEA and World Bank, 2013) provides more details on the suggested methodology for defining and measuring renewable energy (Chapter 4, Section 1, page 201-202). </p>

<p>This indicator is based on the development of comprehensive energy statistics across supply and demand for all energy sources &#x2013; statistics used to produce the energy balance. Internationally agreed methodologies for energy statistics are described in the &#x201C;International Recommendations for Energy Statistics&#x201D; (IRES), adopted by the UN Statistical Commission, available at: <a href="https://unstats.un.org/unsd/energystats/methodology/ires">unstats.un.org/unsd/energystats/methodology/ires</a>.</p>
<p>Once an energy balance is developed, the indicator can be calculated by dividing final energy consumption from all renewable sources by total final energy consumption. Renewable energy consumption is derived as the sum of direct final consumption of renewable sources plus the components of electricity and heat consumption estimated to be derived from renewable sources based on generation shares. The indicator is calculated based on the following formula:</p>
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<mrow>
<mi>H</mi>
<mi>E</mi>
<mi>A</mi>
<mi>T</mi>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mi>T</mi>
<mi>O</mi>
<mi>T</mi>
<mi>A</mi>
<mi>L</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
</mfenced>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mi>T</mi>
<mi>F</mi>
<mi>E</mi>
<mi>C</mi>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mi>T</mi>
<mi>O</mi>
<mi>T</mi>
<mi>A</mi>
<mi>L</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</math></p>
<p>Where:</p>
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<mi>T</mi>
<mi>F</mi>
<mi>E</mi>
<mi>C</mi>
</math>: Total final energy consumption is the sum of final energy consumption in the transport, industry and other sectors (also equivalent to the total final consumption minus the non-energy use).</p>
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<mi>E</mi>
<mi>L</mi>
<mi>E</mi>
</math>: Gross electricity production </p>
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<mi>H</mi>
<mi>E</mi>
<mi>A</mi>
<mi>T</mi>
</math>: Gross heat production</p>
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<mi>R</mi>
<mi>E</mi>
<mi>S</mi>
</math>: Renewable energy sources which include hydropower, wind, solar photovoltaic, solar thermal, geothermal, tide/wave/ocean, renewable municipal waste, solid biofuels, liquid biofuels, and biogases.</p>
<p>The denominator is the total final energy consumption of all energy products, while the numerator includes the direct consumption of renewable energy sources plus the final consumption of gross electricity and heat that is estimated to have come from renewable sources. This estimation allocates the amount of electricity and heat consumption to renewable sources based on the share of renewables in gross production in order to perform the calculation at the final energy level. For instance, if total final consumption is 150 TJ for biogas energy, while total final consumption of electricity is 400 TJ and heat 100 TJ, and the share of biogas is 10 percent in electricity output and 5 percent in heat output, the total reported number for biogas consumption will be 195 TJ (150 TJ+400TJ*10%+100TJ*5%). </p>
<p>The Global Tracking Framework Report (IEA and World Bank, 2013) provides more details on the suggested methodology for defining and measuring renewable energy (Chapter 4, Section 1, page 201-202). </p>