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Overview

Project website github.com/worldbank/sdg-metadata
Instructions for translators

This project is limited to Russian translation only, for now.

More detailed instructions to come.
Project maintainers User avatar brockfanning
Translation license MIT License
Translation process
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Source code repository https://github.com/worldbank/sdg-metadata
Repository branch master
Last remote commit Merge pull request #542 from weblate/weblate-sdg-metadata-1-1-1a 85d59a4a6e9
User avatar brockfanning authored 3 weeks ago
Last commit in Weblate Translated using Weblate (French) 6788052f2ac
User avatar deblsyl authored 2 years ago
Weblate repository https://hosted.weblate.org/git/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/
File mask translations-metadata/*/14-4-1.yml
Monolingual base language file translations-metadata/en/14-4-1.yml
Translation file Download translations-metadata/ar/14-4-1.yml
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Resource updated

  1. SDG Metadata
  2. 14-4-1
  3. Arabic
The “translations-metadata/en/14-4-1.yml” file was changed. 8 months ago
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  1. SDG Metadata
  2. 14-4-1
  3. Arabic
<p>At this moment, data collection is separate for the national and regional/global levels.</p>
<p>Global/regional level: </p>
<p>The fish stocks that FAO has monitored since 1974 represent a wide spectrum of data availability, ranging from data-rich and formally assessed stocks to those that have very little information apart from catch statistics by FAO major fishing area and those with no stock assessment at all. For the purposes of using the best available data and information and maintaining consistency among stocks and assessors, a procedure has been defined to identify relevant stock status information (FAO 2011).</p>
<p>National level: </p>
<p>FAO collects national data through a questionnaire sent to the Principal Focal Point (PFP) of each country. The PFP organises an institutional set-up which identifies the competent authorities to develop a reference list of stocks and completes the questionnaire. </p>
<p>During the initial stages of national data reporting, the information or data collected through the questionnaire from a country will initially only inform the indicator for the individual countries, also acknowledging the need for a learning curve along the few first questionnaire inquiries. As a result, the global/regional indicator remains during these initial stages separate from the national indicators. However, FAO is working on a convergence (where possible) of the two processes, and good-quality stock status assessments reported by countries for the national indicators will be included in the regional/global indicator calculations, depending on the evolution and further standardization of country reporting over the next 3-5 years..</p>
<p>Despite this effort, due to the heterogeneity of reporting from countries in the same FAO Major Fishing Area, and the necessary inclusion of straddling and highly migratory stocks and fisheries in the regional and global indicator, it is unlikely that a full convergence will be achieved in a short time-frame.</p>
<p>The indicator is applicable for countries with marine borders (or those bordering the Caspian Sea) and therefore excludes landlocked countries from data collection and processing. </p>
 
8 months ago
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  1. SDG Metadata
  2. 14-4-1
  3. Arabic
2023-05-15
 
8 months ago
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Resource updated

  1. SDG Metadata
  2. 14-4-1
  3. Arabic
The “translations-metadata/en/14-4-1.yml” file was changed. 2 years ago
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  1. SDG Metadata
  2. 14-4-1
  3. Arabic
<p><strong>URL: </strong></p>
<h2>FAO 2016-2021. Sustainable Development Goals. Indicator 14.4.1 - Proportion of fish stocks within biologically sustainable levels. <a href="http://www.fao.org/sustainable-development-goals/indicators/1441/en/">http://www.fao.org/sustainable-development-goals/indicators/1441/en/</a> </h2>
<p>FAO 2019-2021. SDG 14.4.1 eLearning course. <a href="https://elearning.fao.org/course/view.php?id=502">https://elearning.fao.org/course/view.php?id=502</a></p>
<p>FAO 2015-2021. CWP handbook of fishery statistical standards. Fishing areas for statistical purpose. <a href="https://www.fao.org/cwp-on-fishery-statistics/handbook/general-concepts/main-water-areas/en/">https://www.fao.org/cwp-on-fishery-statistics/handbook/general-concepts/main-water-areas/en/</a> </p>
<p>FAO 2015-2021. CWP handbook of fishery statistical standards. Identifiers for aquatic animals and plants: <a href="http://www.fao.org/cwp-on-fishery-statistics/handbook/general-concepts/identifiers-for-aquatic-animals-and-plants/en/">http://www.fao.org/cwp-on-fishery-statistics/handbook/general-concepts/identifiers-for-aquatic-animals-and-plants/en/</a></p>
<p>FAO 2004-2021. FIRMS Information Management Policy - Annex 1.2 - List of reference terms for Marine Resources. Updated June 2019. http://www.fao.org/3/a-ax530e.pdf</p>
<p><strong>References:</strong></p>
<p>Branch, T.A., Jensen, O.P., Ricard, D., Ye, Y. &amp; Hilborn, R. (2011) Contrasting global trends in marine fishery status obtained from catches and from stock assessments. Conservation Biology, 25: 777&#x2013;783. doi: 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2011.01687.x.</p>
<p>Caddy, J.R. and Mahon, R. (1995). Reference Points for fisheries management. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper. No. 337. Rome, FAO. 83p.</p>
<p>Cadima, E.L. (2003) Fish stock assessment manual. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper. No. 393. Rome, FAO. 161p.</p>
<p>FAO (1995) Code of conduct for responsible fisheries. 41 pp.</p>
<p>FAO (2005) Review of the state of world marine fishery resources. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper No. 457. Rome. 235 pp</p>
<p>FAO (2011) Review of the state of world marine fishery resources. FAO technical paper 569: <a href="http://www.fao.org/docrep/015/i2389e/i2389e00.htm">http://www.fao.org/docrep/015/i2389e/i2389e00.htm</a>. </p>
<p>Haddon, M. (2011). Modelling and Quantitative Methods in Fisheries 2nd Edition. Chapman and Hall/CRC. 465 p.</p>
<p>Hilborn, R., R.O. Amoroso, C.M. Anderson, J.K. Baum, T.A. Branch, C. Costello, C.L. de Moor, et al. 2020. &#x201C;Effective Fisheries Management Instrumental in Improving Fish Stock Status.&#x201D; Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 117 (4): 2218&#x2013;24. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1073/">https://doi.org/10.1073/</a> pnas.1909726116.</p>
<p>Sparre P. &amp; Venema, S.C. (1998). Introduction to tropical fish stock assessment. Part 1. Manual. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper. No. 306.1, Rev. 2. Rome, FAO. 407p.</p>
<p>UN (1995) Agreement for the implementation of the provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 10 December 1982 relating to the conservation and management of straddling fish stocks and highly migratory fish stocks. 40 pp.</p>
<p>Appendix 1</p>
<p>Guidelines to establish reference list of stocks.</p>
<p>The reference list compiles a list of fish stocks based on data from the considered area, i.e. a country&#x2019;s EEZ and/or territorial waters and/or possibly the competence area of a regional fisheries management organization. This list of fish stocks will ideally include existing Assessment units or Management units, and also possibly other unassessed fish stocks that are fished in a given country. The list will exclude stocks straddling in the high seas, mostly tuna and tuna-like species.</p>
<p>This list should:</p>
<ol>
<li>Represent at least 60% (a higher percent is preferred when possible) of the national total landed and/or reported catch (Total in Tonnes excluding landings from straddling stocks). Information should be provided on all of the stocks that contribute to this top 60% (or more) of landings regardless of whether their status is known. Stocks should be input from left to right on the spreadsheet in the order of the largest to smallest total landings for each stock, by Tonnes. Species with multiple different stocks should be input as separate stocks. </li>
<li>Contain stocks of major importance in terms of catch, ecosystem role, economic value, and social/cultural considerations. If possible, the list should represent stocks of each of these categories for a given country. For example, care should be taken to include fish stocks that are important to small-scale fisheries as well as large-scale industrial fisheries. Consideration for these different categories will vary between countries.</li>
<li>Remain unchanged (i.e. for at least 5 years) to better reflect changes in stock status at the national level and minimize the effect of changing the reference list of stocks (i.e., adding, deleting, merging stocks) into the SDG indicator. This will ensure consistency in the indicator calculation and better reflect fish stock sustainability over time.</li>
</ol>
<p>Appendix 2</p>
<p>Complete list of questions to countries to inform the indicator. Pink cells are mandatory, white cells are optional. </p>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">
<p><strong>1. REFERENCE LIST OF FISH STOCKS &amp; STATUS</strong></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">
<p><strong>1.1 Stock Name</strong></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2">
<p><strong>1.2 Stock Jurisdictional distribution</strong></p>
<p><strong>(Please type &quot;X&quot; in the relevant box)</strong></p>
</td>
<td>
<p><strong>National</strong></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p><strong>Shared between Nations</strong></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">
<p><strong>1.3 For shared stocks only, please list the exploiting countries</strong></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">
<p><strong>1.4 Please indicate whether the stock is Assessed (Yes) or Unassessed (No)</strong></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2">
<p><strong>1.5 Method of assessment</strong></p>
</td>
<td>
<p><strong>If &quot;Yes&quot; assessed, please indicate which approach was used: (1) Classic; (2) Data-limited ; (3) Unspecified</strong></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p><strong>If &quot;No&quot; please indicate best available knowledge used to define stock status (e.g. trends over catch rates or abundance index)</strong></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="3">
<p><strong>1.6 Current stock status</strong></p>
</td>
<td>
<p><strong>Indicate whether the stock is biologically sustainable (Yes or No)</strong></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p><strong>Assessment year</strong></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p><strong>Indicate source references of the official stock assessment or other information, including web links to online documents when available</strong></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="3">
<p><strong>1.7 Total landings for the entire stock</strong></p>
</td>
<td>
<p><strong>Landings (in tonnes)</strong></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p><strong>Reference year</strong></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p><strong>Proportion of total landings from the total national landings (excluding landings from straddling stocks) (in percentage)</strong></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p> </p>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">
<p><strong>2.1 STOCK INDIVIDUAL INFORMATION</strong></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">
<p><strong>2.1.1 Stock name</strong></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>Name of the individual stock</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">
<p><strong>2.1.2 Scientific name</strong></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>Species scientific name, preferably according to ASFIS List of Species for Fishery Statistics Purposes</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" rowspan="2">
<p><strong>2.1.3 Common name</strong></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>Species common name in English (if available)</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>Species common name in local language (list more than one if relevant)</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" rowspan="2">
<p><strong>2.1.4 FAO Major Fishing Area/ with sub-levels when appropriate</strong></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>Indicate the code of the FAO major fishing area</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>Indicate the code of the area sub-levels where appropriate</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" rowspan="3">
<p><strong>2.1.5 Stock is considered as ...</strong></p>
<p><strong>(possible to select multiple answers, place &quot;X&quot; in the relevant cell(s))</strong></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>... Assessment Unit (for stocks with an available official stock assessment)</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>&#x2026; Management Unit (Unit that is used to implement management measures based on a stock assessment or not)</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>&#x2026; Other (i.e., Species x Area) unit (if none of the above)</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">
<p><strong>2.1.8 Management Agency/Advisory Body</strong></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>Management agency or advisory body responsible for assessment (if assessment unit) or management (if management unit)</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">
<p><strong>2.2 ASSESSMENT INFORMATION</strong></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">
<p><strong>2.2.1 Assessment status (Yes, No)</strong></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>Indicate whether the stock is Assessed (Yes) or Unassessed (No)</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">
<p><strong>2.2.2 Overfished (Yes, No, Unknown)</strong></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>The official stock assessment concludes &quot;Overfished&quot; with respect to abundance reference points (Yes, No, Unknown). Note: if stock is overfished then is not biologically sustainable (please answer NO in question Line 15, Section 1). When possible, support your answer with information on Section 2.3 (for example, current biomass is less than biomass target reference point)</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">
<p><strong>2.2.3 Overfishing (Yes, No, Unknown)</strong></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>The official stock assessment concludes &quot;Overfishing&quot; with respect to fishing mortality reference points (Yes, No, Unknown). Note: see e-learning course on how to link fishing mortality reference points to biological sustainability.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">
<p><strong>2.2.4 Assessment method/software</strong></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>If there is an official stock assessment available please indicate which method or software used. For example: stock synthesis; ASPIC, MULTIFAN-CL; VIT, CPUE trends, catch trends, size/length trends, none, others</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">
<p><strong>2.2.5 Assessment availability (Yes, No)</strong></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>The assessment is publicly available (Yes or No)</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">
<p><strong>2.2.6 Source references</strong></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>List of Source references used to collect information, including web links to online documents when available</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">
<p><strong>2.2.7 Reliability (L/M/H)</strong></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>High (H) &#x2013; Formal stock assessment at the regional, national or local levels forms the foundation of the classification of stock status;</p>
<p>Medium (M) &#x2013; Grey data/information and catch trend analysis provide the basis for the classification of stock status;</p>
<p>Low (L) &#x2013; Black data/information and qualitative assessment (e.g. experts judgement) were used for the classification of stock status</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">
<p><strong>2.3 INPUT DATA</strong></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">
<p><strong>Data availability (Yes, No)</strong></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>Input data needed for the stock assessment</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="4">
<p><strong>2.3.1 Abundance</strong></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>Current Biomass</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>Most recent biomass or abundance in tonnes (NA if not available)</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>Virgin/pristine stock biomass (B0)</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>Value of the biomass or abundance target reference point in tonnes (i.e. prime stock biomass)</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>Target Reference Point type</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>Type of biomass or abundance reference point used (e.g. 0.4B0; BMSY, etc. )</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>Reference year</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>Last year of input data used in the assessment (i.e. year of Current Biomass)</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="4">
<p><strong>2.3.2 Fishing mortality</strong></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>Current F</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>Most recent fishing mortality (F) or exploitation rate (U)</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>F Reference Point</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>Value of the fishing mortality reference point</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>Reference Point type</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>Type of fishing mortality reference point used (e.g. FMSY, F01, etc. )</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>Reference year</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>Last year of input data used in the assessment (i.e. year of Current F)</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="3">
<p><strong>2.3.3 CPUE</strong></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>Current CPUE</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>Current value of catch per unit of effort</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>Units of CPUE</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>Unit (e.g. kg/trap), in case CPUE is not standardized</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>Year of current CPUE</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>Year of current CPUE</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="3">
<p><strong>2.3.4 Catches</strong></p>
</td>
<td>
<p>Current catch</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>Current value of catch (in tonnes)</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>Reference year</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>Year of current catch</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>Average Catch Max</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>Value of maximum catch in the time series (in tonnes) (after 5 years smoothing)</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="12">
<p><strong>3. SUPPORTING TIME SERIES</strong></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="12">
<p><strong><em><u>Time series are optional but recommended to be reported by stock for all available years</u></em></strong></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2">
<p><strong>Fish Stock ID</strong></p>
</td>
<td rowspan="2">
<p><strong>Year</strong></p>
</td>
<td rowspan="2">
<p><strong>Landings (in tonnes)</strong></p>
</td>
<td rowspan="2">
<p><strong>Catches (in tonnes)</strong></p>
</td>
<td colspan="2">
<p><strong>Abundance</strong></p>
</td>
<td colspan="2">
<p><strong>CPUE</strong></p>
</td>
<td colspan="2">
<p><strong>Exploitation rate</strong></p>
</td>
<td colspan="2">
<p><strong>Fishing Effort</strong></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p><strong>Obs_measure</strong></p>
</td>
<td>
<p><strong>Unit</strong></p>
</td>
<td>
<p><strong>Obs_measure</strong></p>
</td>
<td>
<p><strong>Unit</strong></p>
</td>
<td>
<p><strong>Obs_measure</strong></p>
</td>
<td>
<p><strong>Unit</strong></p>
</td>
<td>
<p><strong>Obs_measure</strong></p>
</td>
<td>
<p><strong>Unit</strong></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p> </p>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>
<p><strong>METADATA</strong></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p><strong>1. The reference list of stocks represent at least 60% of the current total national landed and/or reported catch statistics?</strong></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p><strong>1a. If answered &quot;No&quot;, please specify</strong></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p><strong>2. The reference list of stocks contains all stocks of major importance in terms of catch, ecosystem role, economic value, and social/cultural considerations</strong></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p><strong>3. Please indicate the frequency of stock assessment</strong></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p><strong>3a. If answered &quot;Other&quot;, please specify</strong></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p><strong>2. If the SDG indicator 14.4.1 is reported in the national SDG portal, database, or other please indicate the address</strong></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p><strong>2a. Please provide additional addresses if available</strong></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p><strong>4. Any additional information:</strong></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
 
2 years ago
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String updated in the repository

  1. SDG Metadata
  2. 14-4-1
  3. Arabic
<p><strong>Data availability:</strong></p>
<p>Global/regional: the indicator has global and regional data from 1974 to 2019. Regional breakdown is by FAO major fishing area. The regional and global indicators were calculated based on the reference list of fish stocks FAO established in 1974. Countries are not directly involved in the computation of the indicator at global/regional level. </p>
<p>National: the national-level questionnaire was dispatched for the first time in November 2019; FAO identifies 165 countries with a marine border, and three countries with Caspian Sea border, as being eligible, in principle, to report. As the result of the first questionnaire call, ninety-eight countries expressed interest in the indicator (59%), of which eighty-three replied with completed questionnaires while three countries reported the indicator separately (52%), 11 countries stated that they could not report due to lack of data or time, and one responded with some catch data. </p>
<p><strong>Time series:</strong></p>
<p>Global/regional level: from 1974 to 2017.</p>
<p>National level: First questionnaire dispatched in November 2019, considered a trial/testing phase. Upon comprehensive Quality Assurance analysis, FAO reported the full results of this first inquiry through UNSD in February 2022.</p>
<p><strong>Disaggregation:</strong></p>
<p>By FAO major marine fishing areas for statistical purposes<sup><a href="#footnote-3" id="footnote-ref-3">[3]</a></sup>.</p>
<p>Taxonomically, FAO publishes the indicator separately for straddling stocks (mostly tuna and tuna like).</p><div class="footnotes"><div><sup class="footnote-number" id="footnote-3">3</sup><p><a href="https://www.fao.org/fishery/en/area/search">https://www.fao.org/fishery/en/area/search</a> and <a href="https://www.fao.org/cwp-on-fishery-statistics/handbook/general-concepts/main-water-areas/en/">https://www.fao.org/cwp-on-fishery-statistics/handbook/general-concepts/main-water-areas/en/</a> <a href="#footnote-ref-3">&#x2191;</a></p></div></div>
 
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<p>FAO has in place the necessary frameworks and procedures for quality assurance of the SDG indicators data, according to the Fundamental Principles of Official Statistics and the FAO Statistics Quality Assurance Framework (SQAF) available at: <a href="http://www.fao.org/docrep/019/i3664e/i3664e.pdf">http://www.fao.org/docrep/019/i3664e/i3664e.pdf</a>.</p>
<p> </p>
<p>FAO is systematically carrying out quality assessments to ensure the quality of the SDG indicator data sets. </p>
<p>For this indicator, a systematic cross-checking of the various source data was carried out during the overall compilation process of national and regional data.</p>
 
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<p>In each country, the data available for each stock and expertise level to conduct different types of assessments will differ. Some countries may have classic stock assessments already conducted for many of their stocks, while others may have very few or no assessments available. </p>
<p>For some countries, little stock assessment has been done. To help these countries and to facilitate their reporting, FAO prepared online materials and tools, including a selection of methods that can be used to evaluate stock status with data limited methods such as length-based and catch-only methods and an online platform for hands-on practice. The strengths and limitations of these methods are discussed in an eLearning course (Lesson 4), and caveats were also provided to avoid misuse and exercise cautions in practice. Furthermore, capacity development workshops have been organised to provide support to countries in stock assessment and reporting on the SDG 14.4.1.</p>
<p>eLearning course: <a href="https://elearning.fao.org/course/view.php?id=502">https://elearning.fao.org/course/view.php?id=502</a></p>
 
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<p><strong>&#x25CF; At regional and global levels</strong></p>
<p>To ensure completeness of regional and global information on stocks, FAO gathers additional information outside of what is provided by each country, in particular concerning the highly migratory and straddling fishing stocks. For shared stocks, FAO may consult with Regional Fisheries Bodies (RFBs), who are mandated to assess and manage stocks with their contracting parties, in order to receive information and data and conduct stock assessment when necessary. </p>
<p><strong>&#x25CF; At country level</strong></p>
<p>This indicator examines marine fish stocks. If a country has no marine capture fisheries, then the indicator is not calculated for that country and FAO reports it to UNSD with the flag &#x201C;N&#x201D; (Not relevant). When data is missing at national level, no imputation is performed to derive estimates. The estimation of the indicator at regional and global levels was estimated not based on country questionnaires, but by the FAO through a systematic assessment of a reference list selected globally. </p>
 
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<p>FAO currently reports the global and regional indicators calculated from FAO&#x2019;s assessment of a selected list of fish stocks around the world. The methodology is described in the FAO Technical Paper (FAO 2011). </p>
<p>FAO has been developing the new approach for country-level reporting since 2017, and has consulted with countries in three dedicated expert consultation workshops: In November 2017, FAO convened a workshop to exchange views with national practitioners on the new proposed analytical methods to produce Indicator 14.4.1 at country level<sup><a href="#footnote-1" id="footnote-ref-1">[1]</a></sup>. In February 2019, FAO convened an expert consultation workshop<sup><a href="#footnote-2" id="footnote-ref-2">[2]</a></sup> on development of the methodologies for the global assessment of fish stock status, with participants from countries and regional fisheries organizations. In order to help countries reporting on the indicator, FAO then organized a series of capacity development workshops on stock status assessment and estimation methods of SDG Indicator 14.4.1 for various regions. </p>
<p>In November 2019, FAO dispatched the first SDG14.4.1 questionnaire calling countries to report on their national indicator. Eighty-three countries submitted their questionnaire and three reported independently. FAO has reported the full results of this first inquiry through UNSD in February 2022.</p>
<p>For each level of reporting (National, Regional, Global) the indicator is calculated as the ratio between the number of exploited fish stocks classified as &quot;within biologically sustainable levels&quot; and the total number of stocks in the Reference List that were classified with a determined status (within/not within &quot;biologically sustainable levels&quot;).</p>
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<msub>
<mrow>
<mi>P</mi>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mi>s</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mi>N</mi>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mi>s</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mi>N</mi>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mi>x</mi>
<mn>100</mn>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mi>N</mi>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mi>s</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mi>N</mi>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mi>s</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>+</mo>
<msub>
<mrow>
<mi>N</mi>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mi>u</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mi>x</mi>
<mn>100</mn>
</math></p>
<p>where Ps is the percent of stocks classified as &quot;within biologically sustainable levels&quot; for the Reference List of stocks. Ns is the number of stocks in the Reference List classified as &quot;within biologically sustainable levels&quot;, Nu is the number of stocks in the Reference List classified as &quot;outside biologically sustainable levels&quot; and N = Ns + Nu is the total number of stocks in the Reference List that have been classified as within or outside &quot;biologically sustainable levels&quot;.</p>
<p>Classifying individual stocks as within/outside &quot;biologically sustainable levels&quot;:</p>
<p>In order to keep consistency with the 14.4 target (&quot;at least to levels that can produce maximum sustainable yield as determined by their biological characteristics&quot; and other earlier international agreements, including the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS)), a fish stock is classified as &quot;within biologically sustainable levels&quot; if its abundance is estimated to be (considering uncertainty) at or greater than the level that can produce the Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY). In contrast, when abundance falls below the MSY level, the stock is classified as &quot;outside biologically sustainable levels&quot;.</p>
<p>A wide array of methods and approaches (including documented expert opinion) is used to classify stock status relative to the abundance producing MSY. This varies among countries, regions and stocks. Nevertheless, the reliability of the classification is assessed by FAO as part of the process of producing the index.</p>
<p>Global/Regional:</p>
<p>Global and regional estimates of stock sustainability have been performed for 584 fish stocks around the world since 1974, representing 70% of global landings. The status of each stock is estimated using the methodology described in the FAO Technical Paper (FAO, 2011). </p>
<p>National:</p>
<p>Countries are requested to report the status of a reference list of fish stocks defined by each country on the basis of the criteria presented in Appendix 1.</p><div class="footnotes"><div><sup class="footnote-number" id="footnote-1">1</sup><p> Full report accessible here: http://www.fao.org/documents/card/en/c/I8714EN/ <a href="#footnote-ref-1">&#x2191;</a></p></div><div><sup class="footnote-number" id="footnote-2">2</sup><p> Full report accessible here: http://www.fao.org/3/ca4355en/ca4355en.pdf <a href="#footnote-ref-2">&#x2191;</a></p></div></div>
 
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