pypa/packaging.python.org — Ukrainian @ Hosted Weblate: Wrap up

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	:doc:`Virtualenvs <python-guide:dev/virtualenvs>` have been an indispensable tool for multiple generations of Python developer, but are slowly fading from view, as they are being wrapped by higher-level tools. With packaging in particular, virtualenvs are used as a primitive in :doc:`the dh-virtualenv tool <dh-virtualenv:tutorial>` and `osnap <https://github.com/jamesabel/osnap>`_, both of which wrap virtualenvs in a self-contained way.
	For production deployments, do not rely on running ``python -m pip install`` from the Internet into a virtualenv, as one might do in a development environment. The overview above is full of much better solutions.
	Security	Безпека
	The further down the gradient you come, the harder it gets to update components of your package. Everything is more tightly bound together.
	For example, if a kernel security issue emerges, and you're deploying containers, the host system's kernel can be updated without requiring a new build on behalf of the application. If you deploy VM images, you'll need a new build. Whether or not this dynamic makes one option more secure is still a bit of an old debate, going back to the still-unsettled matter of `static versus dynamic linking <https://www.google.com/search?channel=fs&q=static+vs+dynamic+linking>`_.
	Wrap up	Підсумок
	Packaging in Python has a bit of a reputation for being a bumpy ride. This impression is mostly a byproduct of Python's versatility. Once you understand the natural boundaries between each packaging solution, you begin to realize that the varied landscape is a small price Python programmers pay for using one of the most balanced, flexible languages available.
	Binary distribution format
	This page specifies the binary distribution format for Python packages, also called the wheel format.
	A wheel is a ZIP-format archive with a specially formatted file name and the ``.whl`` extension. It contains a single distribution nearly as it would be installed according to PEP 376 with a particular installation scheme. Although a specialized installer is recommended, a wheel file may be installed by simply unpacking into site-packages with the standard 'unzip' tool while preserving enough information to spread its contents out onto their final paths at any later time.
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