Changes
Translation components API.
See the Weblate's Web API documentation for detailed description of the API.
GET /api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/changes/?format=api&page=2
{ "count": 5758, "next": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/changes/?format=api&page=3", "previous": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/changes/?format=api", "results": [ { "unit": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/units/29663566/?format=api", "component": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/?format=api", "translation": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/translations/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/ru/?format=api", "user": null, "author": null, "timestamp": "2023-08-19T16:48:39.349760+02:00", "action": 59, "target": "<h2>Выпуск данных</h2>\n<p>Группа Всемирного банка взяла на себя обязательство обновлять данные по бедности каждый год. Обновленные оценки распространяются в ходе Ежегодных совещаний Всемирного банка, проходящих каждый год в октябре.</p>", "old": "<h2>Выпуск данных</h2>\n<p>Группа Всемирного банка взяла на себя обязательство обновлять данные по бедности каждый год. Обновленные оценки распространяются в ходе Ежегодных совещаний Всемирного банка, проходящих каждый год в октябре.</p>", "details": { "state": 10, "source": "<p>The World Bank Group updates the poverty data every year. Updates are released ahead of the World Bank’s Spring Meetings. </p>", "old_state": 10 }, "id": 63770731, "action_name": "String updated in the repository", "url": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/changes/63770731/?format=api" }, { "unit": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/units/29663566/?format=api", "component": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/?format=api", "translation": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/translations/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/ru/?format=api", "user": null, "author": null, "timestamp": "2023-08-19T16:48:39.349701+02:00", "action": 30, "target": "<p>The World Bank Group updates the poverty data every year. Updates are released ahead of the World Bank’s Spring Meetings. </p>", "old": "<p>The World Bank Group is committed to updating the poverty data every year. Updated estimates are released at the World Bank’s Spring Meetings in April every year. </p>", "details": {}, "id": 63770730, "action_name": "Source string changed", "url": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/changes/63770730/?format=api" }, { "unit": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/units/29663564/?format=api", "component": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/?format=api", "translation": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/translations/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/ru/?format=api", "user": null, "author": null, "timestamp": "2023-08-19T16:48:39.349643+02:00", "action": 59, "target": "<h2> Процесс сбора</h2>\n<p>Всемирный банк абсолютно прозрачным методом предоставляет для общего пользования и делает доступными для широкой общественности методологические материалы по всем видам корректировок исходных данных (например, через свой веб-сайт PovcalNet и различные аналитические документы). Оценки бедности разрабатываются экономистами, тесно взаимодействующими с коллегами из национальных правительственных органов относительно каждого обновления данных по бедности. </p>", "old": "<h2> Процесс сбора</h2>\n<p>Всемирный банк абсолютно прозрачным методом предоставляет для общего пользования и делает доступными для широкой общественности методологические материалы по всем видам корректировок исходных данных (например, через свой веб-сайт PovcalNet и различные аналитические документы). Оценки бедности разрабатываются экономистами, тесно взаимодействующими с коллегами из национальных правительственных органов относительно каждого обновления данных по бедности. </p>", "details": { "state": 10, "source": "<p>In many low-income countries, the Poverty and Equity Global Practice of the World Bank is cooperating with the National Statistical Offices and supporting their efforts of conducting household surveys and measuring poverty. Data are obtained through these partnerships. This concerns most countries in East Asia & Pacific, the Middle East & North Africa, South Asia, and Sub-Saharan Africa.</p>\n<p>For Latin America and the Caribbean, most of the data are obtained from and harmonized by the CEDLAS’s Socio-Economic Database for Latin America and the Caribbean (SEDLAC), which is a partnership between the Center for Distributive, Labor and Social Studies (CEDLAS) at the National University of La Plata in Argentina and the World Bank’s Poverty and Equity Global Practice for Latin America and the Caribbean.</p>\n<p>For most high-income countries data are obtained through the Luxembourg Income Study or EU-SILC.</p>", "old_state": 10 }, "id": 63770729, "action_name": "String updated in the repository", "url": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/changes/63770729/?format=api" }, { "unit": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/units/29663564/?format=api", "component": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/?format=api", "translation": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/translations/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/ru/?format=api", "user": null, "author": null, "timestamp": "2023-08-19T16:48:39.349586+02:00", "action": 30, "target": "<p>In many low-income countries, the Poverty and Equity Global Practice of the World Bank is cooperating with the National Statistical Offices and supporting their efforts of conducting household surveys and measuring poverty. Data are obtained through these partnerships. This concerns most countries in East Asia & Pacific, the Middle East & North Africa, South Asia, and Sub-Saharan Africa.</p>\n<p>For Latin America and the Caribbean, most of the data are obtained from and harmonized by the CEDLAS’s Socio-Economic Database for Latin America and the Caribbean (SEDLAC), which is a partnership between the Center for Distributive, Labor and Social Studies (CEDLAS) at the National University of La Plata in Argentina and the World Bank’s Poverty and Equity Global Practice for Latin America and the Caribbean.</p>\n<p>For most high-income countries data are obtained through the Luxembourg Income Study or EU-SILC.</p>", "old": "<p>The World Bank transparently shares and makes public the methodologies for all kinds of adjustments to original data (e.g., through its Poverty and Inequality Platform (PIP) website and its various analytical documents). The poverty estimates are developed by economists, who work closely with national government counterparts concerning each poverty data update. </p>", "details": {}, "id": 63770728, "action_name": "Source string changed", "url": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/changes/63770728/?format=api" }, { "unit": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/units/29663563/?format=api", "component": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/?format=api", "translation": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/translations/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/ru/?format=api", "user": null, "author": null, "timestamp": "2023-08-19T16:48:39.349527+02:00", "action": 59, "target": "<h1> Источники данных </h1>\n<h2>Описание</h2>\n<p>Всемирный банк (ВБ) обычно получает данные от национальных статистических управлений (НСУ) напрямую. В некоторых случаях ВБ использует данные НСУ, полученные косвенным путем. Например, ВБ получает данные из Евростата и LIS (Luxemburg Income Study - Люксембургское исследование доходов), предоставляющих Всемирному банку данные НСУ, которые они получают / гармонизируют. Национальный университет штата Ла-Плата (Аргентина) и Всемирный банк совместно ведут базу данных SEDLAC (Социально-экономическая база данных для стран Латинской Америки и Карибского бассейна), которая включает в себя гармонизированные статистические данные по бедности и другие обобщенные и социальные переменные по 24 странам Латинской Америки и Карибского бассейна, основанные на микроданных, получаемых в ходе обследований домашних хозяйств, проводимых национальными статистическими управлениями.</p>\n<p>Данные получаются посредством реализации специфических страновых программ, включая программы технической помощи, совместной аналитической деятельности и мероприятий по наращиванию потенциала. Всемирный банк сотрудничает с национальными статистическими управлениями в рамках рабочих программ, включающих статистические системы и анализ данных. Экономисты Всемирного банка, занимающиеся вопросами бедности, обычно взаимодействуют с национальными статистическими управлениями по широкому кругу вопросов, касающихся оценки и анализа бедности в рамках деятельности по оказанию технической помощи.</p>\n<p>В структуре Всемирного банка существует Рабочая группа по борьбе с глобальной бедностью (РГГБ), которая отвечает за сбор, валидацию и анализ оценок бедности. РГГБ организовывает загрузку наборов данных, полученных от национальных статистических управлений, а затем осуществляет их гармонизацию, применяя общие методологии. Цель РГГБ заключается в обеспечении того, чтобы данные по бедности и неравенству, создаваемые, тщательно отбираемые и распространяемые Всемирным банком, были актуальными, соответствовали высоким стандартам качества, были хорошо обоснованными и взаимоувязанными при распространении по различным каналам. Члены РГГБ создают и обновляют оценки, касающиеся доли населения, живущего ниже международной черты бедности, используя исходные данные, обычно предоставляемые правительственными органами стран. Первичные данные получаются экономистами по вопросам бедности через их контактных лиц в национальных статистических управлениях и проверяются по параметрам качества перед отправкой для дальнейшего анализа. Первичные данные могут быть единичными записями данных обследования или сгруппированными данными, в зависимости от соглашений с правительствами стран. В большинстве случаев агрегированные данные по благосостоянию, являющиеся существенным элементом для оценки бедности, создаются правительственными органами стран. Но иногда Всемирному банку приходится строить агрегированные данные по благосостоянию или корректировать агрегированные данные, предоставляемые страной.</p>\n<h2>Список:</h2>\n<p>Непосредственно из национальных статистических управлений (НСУ) или косвенно из других источников - см. раздел об источниках данных.</p>", "old": "<h1> Источники данных </h1>\n<h2>Описание</h2>\n<p>Всемирный банк (ВБ) обычно получает данные от национальных статистических управлений (НСУ) напрямую. В некоторых случаях ВБ использует данные НСУ, полученные косвенным путем. Например, ВБ получает данные из Евростата и LIS (Luxemburg Income Study - Люксембургское исследование доходов), предоставляющих Всемирному банку данные НСУ, которые они получают / гармонизируют. Национальный университет штата Ла-Плата (Аргентина) и Всемирный банк совместно ведут базу данных SEDLAC (Социально-экономическая база данных для стран Латинской Америки и Карибского бассейна), которая включает в себя гармонизированные статистические данные по бедности и другие обобщенные и социальные переменные по 24 странам Латинской Америки и Карибского бассейна, основанные на микроданных, получаемых в ходе обследований домашних хозяйств, проводимых национальными статистическими управлениями.</p>\n<p>Данные получаются посредством реализации специфических страновых программ, включая программы технической помощи, совместной аналитической деятельности и мероприятий по наращиванию потенциала. Всемирный банк сотрудничает с национальными статистическими управлениями в рамках рабочих программ, включающих статистические системы и анализ данных. Экономисты Всемирного банка, занимающиеся вопросами бедности, обычно взаимодействуют с национальными статистическими управлениями по широкому кругу вопросов, касающихся оценки и анализа бедности в рамках деятельности по оказанию технической помощи.</p>\n<p>В структуре Всемирного банка существует Рабочая группа по борьбе с глобальной бедностью (РГГБ), которая отвечает за сбор, валидацию и анализ оценок бедности. РГГБ организовывает загрузку наборов данных, полученных от национальных статистических управлений, а затем осуществляет их гармонизацию, применяя общие методологии. Цель РГГБ заключается в обеспечении того, чтобы данные по бедности и неравенству, создаваемые, тщательно отбираемые и распространяемые Всемирным банком, были актуальными, соответствовали высоким стандартам качества, были хорошо обоснованными и взаимоувязанными при распространении по различным каналам. Члены РГГБ создают и обновляют оценки, касающиеся доли населения, живущего ниже международной черты бедности, используя исходные данные, обычно предоставляемые правительственными органами стран. Первичные данные получаются экономистами по вопросам бедности через их контактных лиц в национальных статистических управлениях и проверяются по параметрам качества перед отправкой для дальнейшего анализа. Первичные данные могут быть единичными записями данных обследования или сгруппированными данными, в зависимости от соглашений с правительствами стран. В большинстве случаев агрегированные данные по благосостоянию, являющиеся существенным элементом для оценки бедности, создаются правительственными органами стран. Но иногда Всемирному банку приходится строить агрегированные данные по благосостоянию или корректировать агрегированные данные, предоставляемые страной.</p>\n<h2>Список:</h2>\n<p>Непосредственно из национальных статистических управлений (НСУ) или косвенно из других источников - см. раздел об источниках данных.</p>", "details": { "state": 10, "source": "<p>The World Bank typically receives data from National Statistical Offices (NSOs) directly. In other cases it uses NSO data received indirectly. For example, it receives data from Eurostat and from LIS (Luxemburg Income Study), who provide the World Bank NSO data they have received / harmonized. The Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina and the World Bank jointly maintain the SEDLAC (Socio-Economic Database for Latin American and Caribbean) database that includes harmonized statistics on poverty and other distributional and social variables from 24 Latin American and Caribbean countries, based on microdata from household surveys conducted by NSOs. </p>\n<p>Data is obtained through country specific programs, including technical assistance programs and joint analytical and capacity building activities. The World Bank has relationships with NSOs on work programs involving statistical systems and data analysis. Poverty economists from the World Bank typically engage with NSOs broadly on poverty measurement and analysis as part of technical assistance activities. </p>\n<p>The input data used are most often unit record data of welfare and occasionally grouped data, which is converted to a full distribution. The World Bank cannot take as input data a poverty rate published on an NSO website without the underlying distribution for a couple of reaons: </p>\n<ol>\n <li>Extrapolating or interpolating all country estimates to a common reference year, which is needed to calculate global poverty, requires a full distribution. </li>\n <li>Updates to poverty estimates in the face of revised PPPs and consumer price indices (CPIs) would not be possible to perform by the World Bank, imposing a higher burden on NSOs potentially becoming an obstacle for timely publication of updated data.</li>\n <li>Unit-record data allows for quality checking the data and ensuring that the choices used to create the welfare aggregate are as comparable as possible across countries.</li>\n</ol>\n<p><strong>List:</strong></p>\n<p>Directly from National Statistical Offices (NSOs) or indirectly from others – see section on data sources.</p>", "old_state": 10 }, "id": 63770727, "action_name": "String updated in the repository", "url": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/changes/63770727/?format=api" }, { "unit": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/units/29663563/?format=api", "component": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/?format=api", "translation": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/translations/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/ru/?format=api", "user": null, "author": null, "timestamp": "2023-08-19T16:48:39.349468+02:00", "action": 30, "target": "<p>The World Bank typically receives data from National Statistical Offices (NSOs) directly. In other cases it uses NSO data received indirectly. For example, it receives data from Eurostat and from LIS (Luxemburg Income Study), who provide the World Bank NSO data they have received / harmonized. The Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina and the World Bank jointly maintain the SEDLAC (Socio-Economic Database for Latin American and Caribbean) database that includes harmonized statistics on poverty and other distributional and social variables from 24 Latin American and Caribbean countries, based on microdata from household surveys conducted by NSOs. </p>\n<p>Data is obtained through country specific programs, including technical assistance programs and joint analytical and capacity building activities. The World Bank has relationships with NSOs on work programs involving statistical systems and data analysis. Poverty economists from the World Bank typically engage with NSOs broadly on poverty measurement and analysis as part of technical assistance activities. </p>\n<p>The input data used are most often unit record data of welfare and occasionally grouped data, which is converted to a full distribution. The World Bank cannot take as input data a poverty rate published on an NSO website without the underlying distribution for a couple of reaons: </p>\n<ol>\n <li>Extrapolating or interpolating all country estimates to a common reference year, which is needed to calculate global poverty, requires a full distribution. </li>\n <li>Updates to poverty estimates in the face of revised PPPs and consumer price indices (CPIs) would not be possible to perform by the World Bank, imposing a higher burden on NSOs potentially becoming an obstacle for timely publication of updated data.</li>\n <li>Unit-record data allows for quality checking the data and ensuring that the choices used to create the welfare aggregate are as comparable as possible across countries.</li>\n</ol>\n<p><strong>List:</strong></p>\n<p>Directly from National Statistical Offices (NSOs) or indirectly from others – see section on data sources.</p>", "old": "<p>The World Bank typically receives data from National Statistical Offices (NSOs) directly. In other cases it uses NSO data received indirectly. For example, it receives data from Eurostat and from LIS (Luxemburg Income Study), who provide the World Bank NSO data they have received / harmonized. The Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina and the World Bank jointly maintain the SEDLAC (Socio-Economic Database for Latin American and Caribbean) database that includes harmonized statistics on poverty and other distributional and social variables from 24 Latin American and Caribbean countries, based on microdata from household surveys conducted by NSOs. </p>\n<p>Data is obtained through country specific programs, including technical assistance programs and joint analytical and capacity building activities. The World Bank has relationships with NSOs on work programs involving statistical systems and data analysis. Poverty economists from the World Bank typically engage with NSOs broadly on poverty measurement and analysis as part of technical assistance activities. </p>\n<p><strong>List:</strong></p>\n<p>Directly from National Statistical Offices (NSOs) or indirectly from others – see section on data sources.</p>", "details": {}, "id": 63770726, "action_name": "Source string changed", "url": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/changes/63770726/?format=api" }, { "unit": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/units/68585356/?format=api", "component": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/?format=api", "translation": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/translations/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/ru/?format=api", "user": null, "author": null, "timestamp": "2023-08-19T16:48:39.349410+02:00", "action": 59, "target": "", "old": "", "details": { "state": 0, "source": "<p>Not applicable</p>", "old_state": 0 }, "id": 63770725, "action_name": "String updated in the repository", "url": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/changes/63770725/?format=api" }, { "unit": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/units/68585355/?format=api", "component": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/?format=api", "translation": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/translations/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/ru/?format=api", "user": null, "author": null, "timestamp": "2023-08-19T16:48:39.349352+02:00", "action": 59, "target": "", "old": "", "details": { "state": 0, "source": "<p>Percent (%). The unit of measure is the proportion of people. </p>", "old_state": 0 }, "id": 63770724, "action_name": "String updated in the repository", "url": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/changes/63770724/?format=api" }, { "unit": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/units/29663562/?format=api", "component": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/?format=api", "translation": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/translations/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/ru/?format=api", "user": null, "author": null, "timestamp": "2023-08-19T16:48:39.349292+02:00", "action": 59, "target": "<h1>Понятия и определения</h1>\n<h2>Определение:</h2>\n<p>Показатель & # x201C; доля населения, живущего ниже международной черты бедности & # x201D; определяется как доля населения, живущего менее чем на 1,90 долл. США в день в международных ценах 2011 года. «Международная черта бедности» в настоящее время установлена на уровне 1,90 доллара США в день в международных ценах 2011 года.</p>\n<h2>Понятия:</h2>\n<p>При оценке уровня бедности в данной стране и определении наилучших способов сокращения бедности, естественно, основное внимание уделяется черте бедности, которая считается обоснованной для данной страны. Однако, что мы имеем ввиду, говоря о глобальной бедности? Уровни бедности в разных странах различаются с точки зрения покупательной способности в этих странах, и эти уровни показывают значительную разницу в экономическом плане, при этом более богатые страны, как правило, принимают более высокий уровень жизни при определении бедности. Однако для сопоставимой оценки глобальной абсолютной бедности с точки зрения потребления нам необходимо проанализировать, с использованием одних и тех же методов, состояние двух человек с одинаковой покупательной способностью в отношении товаров; оба они должны быть либо бедными, либо не бедными, даже если они живут в разных странах.</p>\n<p>Начиная со времени подготовки Доклада о мировом развитии за 1990 год, Всемирный банк стремился к тому, чтобы применять общий стандарт для оценки крайней нищеты, основываясь на том, что означает нищета в беднейших странах мира. Благосостояние людей, живущих в разных странах, может быть оценено по общей шкале путем корректировки с учетом различий в покупательной способности валют. Широко используемый стандарт в размере 1 долл. США в день, оцененный в международных ценах 1985 г. и скорректированный на местную валюту с использованием данных по ППС, был выбран для Доклада о мировом развитии за 1990 г., поскольку в то время он был распространенной чертой бедности в странах с низким уровнем дохода. По мере нарастания различий в стоимости жизни в различных странах мира международная черта бедности должна была периодически обновляться с использованием новых данных о ценах по ППС для отражения этих изменений. Последнее изменение произошло в октябре 2015 года, когда Всемирный банк принял значение 1,90 доллара США в качестве международной черты бедности с использованием данных по ППС 2011 года. До этого в обновленном варианте 2008 года международная черта бедности была установлена на уровне 1,25 долл. США с использованием данных по ППС 2005 года. Оценки бедности, основанные на международных уровнях бедности, призваны сохранить реальное значение уровня бедности постоянным при сравнении разных стран, как это делается при проведении сравнений в динамике по времени. В ранних изданиях Показателей мирового развития (ПМР) Всемирного банка использовались данные по ППС из Таблиц Penn World для конвертации значений в местной валюте в эквивалент покупательной способности, измеряемый в долларах США. В более поздних изданиях использовались оценки потребления по ППС 1993, 2005 и 2011 годов, подготовленные по Программе международных сопоставлений (ПМС) Всемирного банка. </p>", "old": "<h1>Понятия и определения</h1>\n<h2>Определение:</h2>\n<p>Показатель & # x201C; доля населения, живущего ниже международной черты бедности & # x201D; определяется как доля населения, живущего менее чем на 1,90 долл. США в день в международных ценах 2011 года. «Международная черта бедности» в настоящее время установлена на уровне 1,90 доллара США в день в международных ценах 2011 года.</p>\n<h2>Понятия:</h2>\n<p>При оценке уровня бедности в данной стране и определении наилучших способов сокращения бедности, естественно, основное внимание уделяется черте бедности, которая считается обоснованной для данной страны. Однако, что мы имеем ввиду, говоря о глобальной бедности? Уровни бедности в разных странах различаются с точки зрения покупательной способности в этих странах, и эти уровни показывают значительную разницу в экономическом плане, при этом более богатые страны, как правило, принимают более высокий уровень жизни при определении бедности. Однако для сопоставимой оценки глобальной абсолютной бедности с точки зрения потребления нам необходимо проанализировать, с использованием одних и тех же методов, состояние двух человек с одинаковой покупательной способностью в отношении товаров; оба они должны быть либо бедными, либо не бедными, даже если они живут в разных странах.</p>\n<p>Начиная со времени подготовки Доклада о мировом развитии за 1990 год, Всемирный банк стремился к тому, чтобы применять общий стандарт для оценки крайней нищеты, основываясь на том, что означает нищета в беднейших странах мира. Благосостояние людей, живущих в разных странах, может быть оценено по общей шкале путем корректировки с учетом различий в покупательной способности валют. Широко используемый стандарт в размере 1 долл. США в день, оцененный в международных ценах 1985 г. и скорректированный на местную валюту с использованием данных по ППС, был выбран для Доклада о мировом развитии за 1990 г., поскольку в то время он был распространенной чертой бедности в странах с низким уровнем дохода. По мере нарастания различий в стоимости жизни в различных странах мира международная черта бедности должна была периодически обновляться с использованием новых данных о ценах по ППС для отражения этих изменений. Последнее изменение произошло в октябре 2015 года, когда Всемирный банк принял значение 1,90 доллара США в качестве международной черты бедности с использованием данных по ППС 2011 года. До этого в обновленном варианте 2008 года международная черта бедности была установлена на уровне 1,25 долл. США с использованием данных по ППС 2005 года. Оценки бедности, основанные на международных уровнях бедности, призваны сохранить реальное значение уровня бедности постоянным при сравнении разных стран, как это делается при проведении сравнений в динамике по времени. В ранних изданиях Показателей мирового развития (ПМР) Всемирного банка использовались данные по ППС из Таблиц Penn World для конвертации значений в местной валюте в эквивалент покупательной способности, измеряемый в долларах США. В более поздних изданиях использовались оценки потребления по ППС 1993, 2005 и 2011 годов, подготовленные по Программе международных сопоставлений (ПМС) Всемирного банка. </p>", "details": { "state": 10, "source": "<p><strong>Definition:</strong></p>\n<p>The indicator “proportion of the population below the international poverty line” is defined as the percentage of the population living on less than $2.15 a day at 2017 international prices. </p>\n<p><strong>Concepts:</strong></p>\n<p>In assessing poverty in a given country, and how best to reduce poverty, one naturally focuses on a poverty line that is considered appropriate for that country. But how do we talk meaningfully about “global poverty?” Poverty lines across countries vary in terms of their purchasing power, and they have a strong economic gradient, such that richer countries tend to adopt higher standards of living in defining poverty. But to consistently measure global absolute poverty in terms of consumption we need to treat two people with the same purchasing power over commodities the same way—both are either poor or not poor—even if they live in different countries.</p>\n<p>Since World Development Report 1990, the World Bank has aimed to apply a common standard in measuring extreme poverty, anchored to what poverty means in the world's poorest countries. The welfare of people living in different countries can be measured on a common scale by adjusting for differences in the purchasing power of currencies. The commonly used $1 a day standard, measured in 1985 international prices and adjusted to local currency using purchaing power parity (PPP) exchange rates, was chosen for World Development Report 1990 because it was typical of the poverty lines in low-income countries at the time. As differences in the cost of living across the world evolve, the international poverty line has to be periodically updated using new PPP price data to reflect these changes. The last change was in September 2022, when the World Bank adopted $2.15 as the international poverty line using the 2017 PPP. Prior to that, the 2015 update set the international poverty line at $1.90 using the 2011 PPP. Poverty measures based on international poverty lines attempt to hold the real value of the poverty line constant across countries and over time. </p>", "old_state": 10 }, "id": 63770723, "action_name": "String updated in the repository", "url": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/changes/63770723/?format=api" }, { "unit": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/units/29663562/?format=api", "component": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/?format=api", "translation": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/translations/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/ru/?format=api", "user": null, "author": null, "timestamp": "2023-08-19T16:48:39.349232+02:00", "action": 30, "target": "<p><strong>Definition:</strong></p>\n<p>The indicator “proportion of the population below the international poverty line” is defined as the percentage of the population living on less than $2.15 a day at 2017 international prices. </p>\n<p><strong>Concepts:</strong></p>\n<p>In assessing poverty in a given country, and how best to reduce poverty, one naturally focuses on a poverty line that is considered appropriate for that country. But how do we talk meaningfully about “global poverty?” Poverty lines across countries vary in terms of their purchasing power, and they have a strong economic gradient, such that richer countries tend to adopt higher standards of living in defining poverty. But to consistently measure global absolute poverty in terms of consumption we need to treat two people with the same purchasing power over commodities the same way—both are either poor or not poor—even if they live in different countries.</p>\n<p>Since World Development Report 1990, the World Bank has aimed to apply a common standard in measuring extreme poverty, anchored to what poverty means in the world's poorest countries. The welfare of people living in different countries can be measured on a common scale by adjusting for differences in the purchasing power of currencies. The commonly used $1 a day standard, measured in 1985 international prices and adjusted to local currency using purchaing power parity (PPP) exchange rates, was chosen for World Development Report 1990 because it was typical of the poverty lines in low-income countries at the time. As differences in the cost of living across the world evolve, the international poverty line has to be periodically updated using new PPP price data to reflect these changes. The last change was in September 2022, when the World Bank adopted $2.15 as the international poverty line using the 2017 PPP. Prior to that, the 2015 update set the international poverty line at $1.90 using the 2011 PPP. Poverty measures based on international poverty lines attempt to hold the real value of the poverty line constant across countries and over time. </p>", "old": "<p><strong>Definition:</strong></p>\n<p>The indicator “proportion of the population below the international poverty line” is defined as the percentage of the population living on less than $2.15 a day at 2017 international prices. </p>\n<p><strong>Concepts:</strong></p>\n<p>In assessing poverty in a given country, and how best to reduce poverty, one naturally focuses on a poverty line that is considered appropriate for that country. But how do we talk meaningfully about “global poverty?” Poverty lines across countries vary in terms of their purchasing power, and they have a strong economic gradient, such that richer countries tend to adopt higher standards of living in defining poverty. But to consistently measure global absolute poverty in terms of consumption we need to treat two people with the same purchasing power over commodities the same way—both are either poor or not poor—even if they live in different countries.</p>\n<p>Since World Development Report 1990, the World Bank has aimed to apply a common standard in measuring extreme poverty, anchored to what poverty means in the world's poorest countries. The welfare of people living in different countries can be measured on a common scale by adjusting for differences in the purchasing power of currencies. The commonly used $1 a day standard, measured in 1985 international prices and adjusted to local currency using PPPs, was chosen for World Development Report 1990 because it was typical of the poverty lines in low-income countries at the time. As differences in the cost of living across the world evolve, the international poverty line has to be periodically updated using new PPP price data to reflect these changes. The last change was in September 2022, when the World Bank adopted $2.15 as the international poverty line using the 2017 PPP. Prior to that, the 2015 update set the international poverty line at $1.90 using the 2011 PPP. Poverty measures based on international poverty lines attempt to hold the real value of the poverty line constant across countries, as is done when making comparisons over time. Early editions of the World Bank’s World Development Indicators (WDI) used PPPs from the Penn World Tables to convert values in local currency to equivalent purchasing power measured in U.S dollars. Later editions used 1993, 2005, 2011, 2017 consumption PPP estimates produced by the World Bank’s International Comparison Program (ICP).</p>", "details": {}, "id": 63770722, "action_name": "Source string changed", "url": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/changes/63770722/?format=api" }, { "unit": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/units/68585352/?format=api", "component": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/?format=api", "translation": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/translations/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/ru/?format=api", "user": null, "author": null, "timestamp": "2023-08-19T16:48:39.349172+02:00", "action": 59, "target": "", "old": "", "details": { "state": 0, "source": "<p>1.2.1: Proportion of population living below the national poverty line, by sex and age</p>\n<p>10.1.1: Growth rates of household expenditure or income per capita among the bottom 40 per cent of the population and the total population</p>\n<p>10.2.1 Proportion of people living below 50 per cent of median income, by sex, age and persons with disabilities</p>", "old_state": 0 }, "id": 63770721, "action_name": "String updated in the repository", "url": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/changes/63770721/?format=api" }, { "unit": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/units/29663560/?format=api", "component": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/?format=api", "translation": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/translations/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/ru/?format=api", "user": null, "author": null, "timestamp": "2023-08-19T16:48:39.349100+02:00", "action": 59, "target": "<p>Сентябрь 2020 г.</p>", "old": "<p>Сентябрь 2020 г.</p>", "details": { "state": 10, "source": "2023-03-31", "old_state": 10 }, "id": 63770720, "action_name": "String updated in the repository", "url": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/changes/63770720/?format=api" }, { "unit": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/units/29663560/?format=api", "component": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/?format=api", "translation": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/translations/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/ru/?format=api", "user": null, "author": null, "timestamp": "2023-08-19T16:48:39.348950+02:00", "action": 30, "target": "2023-03-31", "old": "2022-09-30", "details": {}, "id": 63770719, "action_name": "Source string changed", "url": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/changes/63770719/?format=api" }, { "unit": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/units/103711374/?format=api", "component": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/?format=api", "translation": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/translations/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/ru/?format=api", "user": null, "author": null, "timestamp": "2023-08-19T16:48:39.348751+02:00", "action": 59, "target": "", "old": "", "details": { "state": 0, "source": "<p>Applies to all series</p>", "old_state": -1 }, "id": 63770718, "action_name": "String updated in the repository", "url": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/changes/63770718/?format=api" }, { "unit": null, "component": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/?format=api", "translation": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/translations/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/pt/?format=api", "user": null, "author": null, "timestamp": "2023-08-19T16:48:38.725503+02:00", "action": 0, "target": "", "old": "", "details": { "reason": "content changed", "filename": "translations-metadata/en/1-1-1a.yml" }, "id": 63770717, "action_name": "Resource updated", "url": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/changes/63770717/?format=api" }, { "unit": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/units/38497300/?format=api", "component": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/?format=api", "translation": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/translations/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/pt/?format=api", "user": null, "author": null, "timestamp": "2023-08-19T16:48:38.725390+02:00", "action": 59, "target": "", "old": "", "details": { "state": 0, "source": "<p><strong>URL:</strong></p>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.pip.worldbank.org\">www.pip.worldbank.org</a> </p>\n<p><strong>References:</strong></p>\n<p>For more information and methodology, please see : <a href=\"https://worldbank.github.io/PIP-Methodology/\">https://worldbank.github.io/PIP-Methodology/</a>. </p>\n<p>Also, consult: <a href=\"https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/37061\">https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/37061</a> </p>\n<p>For a short review see: <a href=\"https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/factsheet/2022/05/02/fact-sheet-an-adjustment-to-global-poverty-lines\">https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/factsheet/2022/05/02/fact-sheet-an-adjustment-to-global-poverty-lines</a> </p>\n<p>For a comprehensive link to related background papers, working papers and journal articles see: </p>\n<p><a href=\"https://pip.worldbank.org/publication\">https://pip.worldbank.org/publication</a>. </p>\n<p>A Measured Approach to Ending Poverty and Boosting Shared Prosperity: Concepts, Data, and the Twin Goals. (<a href=\"http://www.worldbank.org/en/research/publication/a-measured-approach-to-ending-poverty-and-boosting-shared-prosperity\">http://www.worldbank.org/en/research/publication/a-measured-approach-to-ending-poverty-and-boosting-shared-prosperity</a>) </p>", "old_state": 0 }, "id": 63770716, "action_name": "String updated in the repository", "url": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/changes/63770716/?format=api" }, { "unit": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/units/38497298/?format=api", "component": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/?format=api", "translation": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/translations/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/pt/?format=api", "user": null, "author": null, "timestamp": "2023-08-19T16:48:38.725251+02:00", "action": 59, "target": "", "old": "", "details": { "state": 0, "source": "<p><strong>Data availability:</strong></p>\n<p>Data are available in 160+ economies, (measured in terms of number of economies that have at least 1 data point).</p>", "old_state": 0 }, "id": 63770715, "action_name": "String updated in the repository", "url": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/changes/63770715/?format=api" }, { "unit": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/units/103711373/?format=api", "component": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/?format=api", "translation": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/translations/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/pt/?format=api", "user": null, "author": null, "timestamp": "2023-08-19T16:48:38.725113+02:00", "action": 59, "target": "", "old": "", "details": { "state": 0, "source": "<p>Assessments of the quality behind povety estimates are often available in World Bank Poverty Assessments and in Global Poverty Moniotring Technical Notes.</p>", "old_state": -1 }, "id": 63770714, "action_name": "String updated in the repository", "url": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/changes/63770714/?format=api" }, { "unit": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/units/103711372/?format=api", "component": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/?format=api", "translation": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/translations/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/pt/?format=api", "user": null, "author": null, "timestamp": "2023-08-19T16:48:38.725019+02:00", "action": 59, "target": "", "old": "", "details": { "state": 0, "source": "<p>The poverty estimates released by the World Bank are quality checked by members of the Global Poverty Working Group and often with members of the relevant National Statistical Offices.</p>", "old_state": -1 }, "id": 63770713, "action_name": "String updated in the repository", "url": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/changes/63770713/?format=api" }, { "unit": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/units/103711371/?format=api", "component": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/?format=api", "translation": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/translations/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/pt/?format=api", "user": null, "author": null, "timestamp": "2023-08-19T16:48:38.724895+02:00", "action": 59, "target": "", "old": "", "details": { "state": 0, "source": "<p>The quality of the estimates is managed through the World Bank’s Global Poverty Working Group. </p>", "old_state": -1 }, "id": 63770712, "action_name": "String updated in the repository", "url": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/changes/63770712/?format=api" }, { "unit": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/units/103711370/?format=api", "component": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/?format=api", "translation": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/translations/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/pt/?format=api", "user": null, "author": null, "timestamp": "2023-08-19T16:48:38.724803+02:00", "action": 59, "target": "", "old": "", "details": { "state": 0, "source": "<p>Countries may refer to the report “On the Construction of a Consumption Aggregate for Inequality and Poverty Analysis”. The report is available here:</p>\n<p>ahttps://documents.worldbank.org/en/publication/documents-reports/documentdetail/099225003092220001/p1694340e80f9a00a09b20042de5a9cd47e<br></p>", "old_state": -1 }, "id": 63770711, "action_name": "String updated in the repository", "url": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/changes/63770711/?format=api" }, { "unit": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/units/68585349/?format=api", "component": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/?format=api", "translation": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/translations/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/pt/?format=api", "user": null, "author": null, "timestamp": "2023-08-19T16:48:38.724710+02:00", "action": 59, "target": "", "old": "", "details": { "state": 0, "source": "<p>Not applicable</p>", "old_state": 0 }, "id": 63770710, "action_name": "String updated in the repository", "url": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/changes/63770710/?format=api" }, { "unit": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/units/68585348/?format=api", "component": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/?format=api", "translation": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/translations/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/pt/?format=api", "user": null, "author": null, "timestamp": "2023-08-19T16:48:38.724613+02:00", "action": 59, "target": "", "old": "", "details": { "state": 0, "source": "<p>The raw data are obtained by poverty economists through their contacts in the NSOs, and checked for quality before being submitted for further analysis. The raw data can be unit-record survey data, or grouped data, depending on the agreements with the country governments. In most cases, the welfare aggregate, the essential element for poverty estimation, is generated by the country governments. Sometimes, the World Bank constructs the welfare aggregate or adjusts the aggregate provided by the country.</p>", "old_state": 0 }, "id": 63770709, "action_name": "String updated in the repository", "url": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/changes/63770709/?format=api" }, { "unit": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/units/68585347/?format=api", "component": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/?format=api", "translation": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/translations/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/pt/?format=api", "user": null, "author": null, "timestamp": "2023-08-19T16:48:38.724476+02:00", "action": 59, "target": "", "old": "", "details": { "state": 0, "source": "<p>Within the World Bank, the Global Poverty Working Group (GPWG) is in charge of the collection, validation and estimation of poverty estimates. GPWG archives the datasets obtained from NSOs and then harmonizes them, applying common methodologies. The objective of the GPWG is to ensure that poverty and inequality data generated, curated, and disseminated by the World Bank meet high-quality standards, and are well documented and consistent across dissemination channels. </p>", "old_state": 0 }, "id": 63770708, "action_name": "String updated in the repository", "url": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/changes/63770708/?format=api" }, { "unit": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/units/38497291/?format=api", "component": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/?format=api", "translation": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/translations/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/pt/?format=api", "user": null, "author": null, "timestamp": "2023-08-19T16:48:38.724382+02:00", "action": 59, "target": "", "old": "", "details": { "state": 0, "source": "<p>The World Bank typically receives data from National Statistical Offices (NSOs) directly. In other cases it uses NSO data received indirectly. Please see the section on data sources and data collection method for further details.</p>", "old_state": 0 }, "id": 63770707, "action_name": "String updated in the repository", "url": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/changes/63770707/?format=api" }, { "unit": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/units/38497290/?format=api", "component": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/?format=api", "translation": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/translations/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/pt/?format=api", "user": null, "author": null, "timestamp": "2023-08-19T16:48:38.724240+02:00", "action": 59, "target": "", "old": "", "details": { "state": 0, "source": "<p>The World Bank Group updates the poverty data every year. Updates are released ahead of the World Bank’s Spring Meetings. </p>", "old_state": 0 }, "id": 63770706, "action_name": "String updated in the repository", "url": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/changes/63770706/?format=api" }, { "unit": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/units/38497288/?format=api", "component": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/?format=api", "translation": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/translations/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/pt/?format=api", "user": null, "author": null, "timestamp": "2023-08-19T16:48:38.724127+02:00", "action": 59, "target": "", "old": "", "details": { "state": 0, "source": "<p>In many low-income countries, the Poverty and Equity Global Practice of the World Bank is cooperating with the National Statistical Offices and supporting their efforts of conducting household surveys and measuring poverty. Data are obtained through these partnerships. This concerns most countries in East Asia & Pacific, the Middle East & North Africa, South Asia, and Sub-Saharan Africa.</p>\n<p>For Latin America and the Caribbean, most of the data are obtained from and harmonized by the CEDLAS’s Socio-Economic Database for Latin America and the Caribbean (SEDLAC), which is a partnership between the Center for Distributive, Labor and Social Studies (CEDLAS) at the National University of La Plata in Argentina and the World Bank’s Poverty and Equity Global Practice for Latin America and the Caribbean.</p>\n<p>For most high-income countries data are obtained through the Luxembourg Income Study or EU-SILC.</p>", "old_state": 0 }, "id": 63770705, "action_name": "String updated in the repository", "url": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/changes/63770705/?format=api" }, { "unit": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/units/38497287/?format=api", "component": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/?format=api", "translation": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/translations/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/pt/?format=api", "user": null, "author": null, "timestamp": "2023-08-19T16:48:38.724022+02:00", "action": 59, "target": "", "old": "", "details": { "state": 0, "source": "<p>The World Bank typically receives data from National Statistical Offices (NSOs) directly. In other cases it uses NSO data received indirectly. For example, it receives data from Eurostat and from LIS (Luxemburg Income Study), who provide the World Bank NSO data they have received / harmonized. The Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina and the World Bank jointly maintain the SEDLAC (Socio-Economic Database for Latin American and Caribbean) database that includes harmonized statistics on poverty and other distributional and social variables from 24 Latin American and Caribbean countries, based on microdata from household surveys conducted by NSOs. </p>\n<p>Data is obtained through country specific programs, including technical assistance programs and joint analytical and capacity building activities. The World Bank has relationships with NSOs on work programs involving statistical systems and data analysis. Poverty economists from the World Bank typically engage with NSOs broadly on poverty measurement and analysis as part of technical assistance activities. </p>\n<p>The input data used are most often unit record data of welfare and occasionally grouped data, which is converted to a full distribution. The World Bank cannot take as input data a poverty rate published on an NSO website without the underlying distribution for a couple of reaons: </p>\n<ol>\n <li>Extrapolating or interpolating all country estimates to a common reference year, which is needed to calculate global poverty, requires a full distribution. </li>\n <li>Updates to poverty estimates in the face of revised PPPs and consumer price indices (CPIs) would not be possible to perform by the World Bank, imposing a higher burden on NSOs potentially becoming an obstacle for timely publication of updated data.</li>\n <li>Unit-record data allows for quality checking the data and ensuring that the choices used to create the welfare aggregate are as comparable as possible across countries.</li>\n</ol>\n<p><strong>List:</strong></p>\n<p>Directly from National Statistical Offices (NSOs) or indirectly from others – see section on data sources.</p>", "old_state": 0 }, "id": 63770704, "action_name": "String updated in the repository", "url": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/changes/63770704/?format=api" }, { "unit": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/units/68585345/?format=api", "component": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/?format=api", "translation": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/translations/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/pt/?format=api", "user": null, "author": null, "timestamp": "2023-08-19T16:48:38.723844+02:00", "action": 59, "target": "", "old": "", "details": { "state": 0, "source": "<p>Not applicable</p>", "old_state": 0 }, "id": 63770703, "action_name": "String updated in the repository", "url": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/changes/63770703/?format=api" }, { "unit": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/units/68585344/?format=api", "component": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/?format=api", "translation": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/translations/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/pt/?format=api", "user": null, "author": null, "timestamp": "2023-08-19T16:48:38.723726+02:00", "action": 59, "target": "", "old": "", "details": { "state": 0, "source": "<p>Percent (%). The unit of measure is the proportion of people. </p>", "old_state": 0 }, "id": 63770702, "action_name": "String updated in the repository", "url": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/changes/63770702/?format=api" }, { "unit": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/units/38497286/?format=api", "component": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/?format=api", "translation": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/translations/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/pt/?format=api", "user": null, "author": null, "timestamp": "2023-08-19T16:48:38.723625+02:00", "action": 59, "target": "", "old": "", "details": { "state": 0, "source": "<p><strong>Definition:</strong></p>\n<p>The indicator “proportion of the population below the international poverty line” is defined as the percentage of the population living on less than $2.15 a day at 2017 international prices. </p>\n<p><strong>Concepts:</strong></p>\n<p>In assessing poverty in a given country, and how best to reduce poverty, one naturally focuses on a poverty line that is considered appropriate for that country. But how do we talk meaningfully about “global poverty?” Poverty lines across countries vary in terms of their purchasing power, and they have a strong economic gradient, such that richer countries tend to adopt higher standards of living in defining poverty. But to consistently measure global absolute poverty in terms of consumption we need to treat two people with the same purchasing power over commodities the same way—both are either poor or not poor—even if they live in different countries.</p>\n<p>Since World Development Report 1990, the World Bank has aimed to apply a common standard in measuring extreme poverty, anchored to what poverty means in the world's poorest countries. The welfare of people living in different countries can be measured on a common scale by adjusting for differences in the purchasing power of currencies. The commonly used $1 a day standard, measured in 1985 international prices and adjusted to local currency using purchaing power parity (PPP) exchange rates, was chosen for World Development Report 1990 because it was typical of the poverty lines in low-income countries at the time. As differences in the cost of living across the world evolve, the international poverty line has to be periodically updated using new PPP price data to reflect these changes. The last change was in September 2022, when the World Bank adopted $2.15 as the international poverty line using the 2017 PPP. Prior to that, the 2015 update set the international poverty line at $1.90 using the 2011 PPP. Poverty measures based on international poverty lines attempt to hold the real value of the poverty line constant across countries and over time. </p>", "old_state": 0 }, "id": 63770701, "action_name": "String updated in the repository", "url": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/changes/63770701/?format=api" }, { "unit": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/units/68585342/?format=api", "component": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/?format=api", "translation": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/translations/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/pt/?format=api", "user": null, "author": null, "timestamp": "2023-08-19T16:48:38.723486+02:00", "action": 59, "target": "", "old": "", "details": { "state": 0, "source": "<p>1.2.1: Proportion of population living below the national poverty line, by sex and age</p>\n<p>10.1.1: Growth rates of household expenditure or income per capita among the bottom 40 per cent of the population and the total population</p>\n<p>10.2.1 Proportion of people living below 50 per cent of median income, by sex, age and persons with disabilities</p>", "old_state": 0 }, "id": 63770700, "action_name": "String updated in the repository", "url": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/changes/63770700/?format=api" }, { "unit": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/units/38497284/?format=api", "component": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/?format=api", "translation": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/translations/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/pt/?format=api", "user": null, "author": null, "timestamp": "2023-08-19T16:48:38.723370+02:00", "action": 59, "target": "", "old": "", "details": { "state": 0, "source": "2023-03-31", "old_state": 0 }, "id": 63770699, "action_name": "String updated in the repository", "url": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/changes/63770699/?format=api" }, { "unit": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/units/103711369/?format=api", "component": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/?format=api", "translation": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/translations/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/pt/?format=api", "user": null, "author": null, "timestamp": "2023-08-19T16:48:38.723101+02:00", "action": 59, "target": "", "old": "", "details": { "state": 0, "source": "<p>Applies to all series</p>", "old_state": -1 }, "id": 63770698, "action_name": "String updated in the repository", "url": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/changes/63770698/?format=api" }, { "unit": null, "component": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/?format=api", "translation": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/translations/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/fr/?format=api", "user": null, "author": null, "timestamp": "2023-08-19T16:48:38.286378+02:00", "action": 0, "target": "", "old": "", "details": { "reason": "content changed", "filename": "translations-metadata/en/1-1-1a.yml" }, "id": 63770696, "action_name": "Resource updated", "url": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/changes/63770696/?format=api" }, { "unit": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/units/29663556/?format=api", "component": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/?format=api", "translation": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/translations/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/fr/?format=api", "user": null, "author": null, "timestamp": "2023-08-19T16:48:38.286337+02:00", "action": 59, "target": "<p><strong>URL :</strong></p>\n<p>www.banquemondiale.org</p>\n<p><strong>Références :</strong></p>\n<p>Pour plus d'informations et la méthodologie, il est possible de consulter PovcalNet (en anglais http://iresearch.worldbank.org/PovcalNet/index.htm).</p>\n<p>Il est également possible de consulter (en anglais) : https://documents.banquemondiale.org/fr/publication/documents-reports/documentdetail/360021468187787070/a-global-count-of-the-extreme-poor-in-2012-data-issues-methodology-and-initial-results</p>\n<p>Pour un aperçu, il est possible de consulter : https://www.banquemondiale.org/fr/topic/poverty/brief/global-poverty-line-faq </p>\n<p>Pour un lien complet vers les documents de référence, les documents de travail et les articles de revues scientifiques, il est possible de consulter (en anglais) : </p>\n<p>http://iresearch.worldbank.org/PovcalNet/index.htm?0,4 </p>\n<p>(En anglais) « A Measured Approach to Ending Poverty and Boosting Shared Prosperity: Concepts, Data, and the Twin Goals ». (http://www.worldbank.org/en/research/publication/a-measured-approach-to-ending-poverty-and-boosting-shared-prosperity)</p>", "old": "<p><strong>URL :</strong></p>\n<p>www.banquemondiale.org</p>\n<p><strong>Références :</strong></p>\n<p>Pour plus d'informations et la méthodologie, il est possible de consulter PovcalNet (en anglais http://iresearch.worldbank.org/PovcalNet/index.htm).</p>\n<p>Il est également possible de consulter (en anglais) : https://documents.banquemondiale.org/fr/publication/documents-reports/documentdetail/360021468187787070/a-global-count-of-the-extreme-poor-in-2012-data-issues-methodology-and-initial-results</p>\n<p>Pour un aperçu, il est possible de consulter : https://www.banquemondiale.org/fr/topic/poverty/brief/global-poverty-line-faq </p>\n<p>Pour un lien complet vers les documents de référence, les documents de travail et les articles de revues scientifiques, il est possible de consulter (en anglais) : </p>\n<p>http://iresearch.worldbank.org/PovcalNet/index.htm?0,4 </p>\n<p>(En anglais) « A Measured Approach to Ending Poverty and Boosting Shared Prosperity: Concepts, Data, and the Twin Goals ». (http://www.worldbank.org/en/research/publication/a-measured-approach-to-ending-poverty-and-boosting-shared-prosperity)</p>", "details": { "state": 10, "source": "<p><strong>URL:</strong></p>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.pip.worldbank.org\">www.pip.worldbank.org</a> </p>\n<p><strong>References:</strong></p>\n<p>For more information and methodology, please see : <a href=\"https://worldbank.github.io/PIP-Methodology/\">https://worldbank.github.io/PIP-Methodology/</a>. </p>\n<p>Also, consult: <a href=\"https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/37061\">https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/37061</a> </p>\n<p>For a short review see: <a href=\"https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/factsheet/2022/05/02/fact-sheet-an-adjustment-to-global-poverty-lines\">https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/factsheet/2022/05/02/fact-sheet-an-adjustment-to-global-poverty-lines</a> </p>\n<p>For a comprehensive link to related background papers, working papers and journal articles see: </p>\n<p><a href=\"https://pip.worldbank.org/publication\">https://pip.worldbank.org/publication</a>. </p>\n<p>A Measured Approach to Ending Poverty and Boosting Shared Prosperity: Concepts, Data, and the Twin Goals. (<a href=\"http://www.worldbank.org/en/research/publication/a-measured-approach-to-ending-poverty-and-boosting-shared-prosperity\">http://www.worldbank.org/en/research/publication/a-measured-approach-to-ending-poverty-and-boosting-shared-prosperity</a>) </p>", "old_state": 10 }, "id": 63770695, "action_name": "String updated in the repository", "url": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/changes/63770695/?format=api" }, { "unit": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/units/29663556/?format=api", "component": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/?format=api", "translation": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/translations/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/fr/?format=api", "user": null, "author": null, "timestamp": "2023-08-19T16:48:38.286293+02:00", "action": 30, "target": "<p><strong>URL:</strong></p>\n<p><a href=\"http://www.pip.worldbank.org\">www.pip.worldbank.org</a> </p>\n<p><strong>References:</strong></p>\n<p>For more information and methodology, please see : <a href=\"https://worldbank.github.io/PIP-Methodology/\">https://worldbank.github.io/PIP-Methodology/</a>. </p>\n<p>Also, consult: <a href=\"https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/37061\">https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/37061</a> </p>\n<p>For a short review see: <a href=\"https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/factsheet/2022/05/02/fact-sheet-an-adjustment-to-global-poverty-lines\">https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/factsheet/2022/05/02/fact-sheet-an-adjustment-to-global-poverty-lines</a> </p>\n<p>For a comprehensive link to related background papers, working papers and journal articles see: </p>\n<p><a href=\"https://pip.worldbank.org/publication\">https://pip.worldbank.org/publication</a>. </p>\n<p>A Measured Approach to Ending Poverty and Boosting Shared Prosperity: Concepts, Data, and the Twin Goals. (<a href=\"http://www.worldbank.org/en/research/publication/a-measured-approach-to-ending-poverty-and-boosting-shared-prosperity\">http://www.worldbank.org/en/research/publication/a-measured-approach-to-ending-poverty-and-boosting-shared-prosperity</a>) </p>", "old": "<p><strong>URL:</strong></p>\n<p>www.pip.worldbank.org</p>\n<p><strong>References:</strong></p>\n<p>For more information and methodology, please see : https://worldbank.github.io/PIP-Methodology/.</p>\n<p>Also, consult: https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/37061 </p>\n<p>For a short review see: https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/factsheet/2022/05/02/fact-sheet-an-adjustment-to-global-poverty-lines</p>\n<p>For a comprehensive link to related background papers, working papers and journal articles see: </p>\n<p>https://pip.worldbank.org/publication.</p>\n<p>A Measured Approach to Ending Poverty and Boosting Shared Prosperity: Concepts, Data, and the Twin Goals. (http://www.worldbank.org/en/research/publication/a-measured-approach-to-ending-poverty-and-boosting-shared-prosperity)</p>", "details": {}, "id": 63770694, "action_name": "Source string changed", "url": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/changes/63770694/?format=api" }, { "unit": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/units/29663555/?format=api", "component": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/?format=api", "translation": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/translations/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/fr/?format=api", "user": null, "author": null, "timestamp": "2023-08-19T16:48:38.286249+02:00", "action": 59, "target": "<p><strong>Sources des divergences :</strong></p>\n<p>La pauvreté nationale est un concept différent de la pauvreté mondiale. Le taux de pauvreté national est défini par des seuils de pauvreté spécifiques à chaque pays, en monnaie locale, qui diffèrent en termes réels d'un pays à l'autre et qui sont différents du seuil de pauvreté international de 1,90 $ par jour. Ainsi, les taux de pauvreté nationaux ne peuvent pas être comparés entre les pays ou avec le taux de pauvreté de 1,90 $ par jour.</p>", "old": "<p><strong>Sources des divergences :</strong></p>\n<p>La pauvreté nationale est un concept différent de la pauvreté mondiale. Le taux de pauvreté national est défini par des seuils de pauvreté spécifiques à chaque pays, en monnaie locale, qui diffèrent en termes réels d'un pays à l'autre et qui sont différents du seuil de pauvreté international de 1,90 $ par jour. Ainsi, les taux de pauvreté nationaux ne peuvent pas être comparés entre les pays ou avec le taux de pauvreté de 1,90 $ par jour.</p>", "details": { "state": 10, "source": "<p><strong>Sources of discrepancies:</strong></p>\n<p>National poverty is a different concept than global poverty. National poverty rate is defined at country-specific poverty lines in local currencies, which are different in real terms across countries and different from the $2.15-a-day international poverty line. Thus, national poverty rates cannot be compared across countries or with the $2.15-a-day poverty rate.</p>", "old_state": 10 }, "id": 63770693, "action_name": "String updated in the repository", "url": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/changes/63770693/?format=api" }, { "unit": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/units/29663554/?format=api", "component": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/?format=api", "translation": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/translations/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/fr/?format=api", "user": null, "author": null, "timestamp": "2023-08-19T16:48:38.286198+02:00", "action": 59, "target": "<p><strong>Disponibilité des données :</strong></p>\n<p>Les données sont disponibles dans 168 économies (mesurées en termes de nombre d’économies qui ont au moins 1 point de données). </p>", "old": "<p><strong>Disponibilité des données :</strong></p>\n<p>Les données sont disponibles dans 168 économies (mesurées en termes de nombre d’économies qui ont au moins 1 point de données). </p>", "details": { "state": 10, "source": "<p><strong>Data availability:</strong></p>\n<p>Data are available in 160+ economies, (measured in terms of number of economies that have at least 1 data point).</p>", "old_state": 10 }, "id": 63770692, "action_name": "String updated in the repository", "url": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/changes/63770692/?format=api" }, { "unit": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/units/29663554/?format=api", "component": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/?format=api", "translation": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/translations/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/fr/?format=api", "user": null, "author": null, "timestamp": "2023-08-19T16:48:38.286156+02:00", "action": 30, "target": "<p><strong>Data availability:</strong></p>\n<p>Data are available in 160+ economies, (measured in terms of number of economies that have at least 1 data point).</p>", "old": "<p><strong>Data availability:</strong></p>\n<p>Data are available in 169 economies, (measured in terms of number of economies that have at least 1 data point).</p>", "details": {}, "id": 63770691, "action_name": "Source string changed", "url": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/changes/63770691/?format=api" }, { "unit": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/units/103711368/?format=api", "component": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/?format=api", "translation": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/translations/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/fr/?format=api", "user": null, "author": null, "timestamp": "2023-08-19T16:48:38.286113+02:00", "action": 59, "target": "", "old": "", "details": { "state": 0, "source": "<p>Assessments of the quality behind povety estimates are often available in World Bank Poverty Assessments and in Global Poverty Moniotring Technical Notes.</p>", "old_state": -1 }, "id": 63770690, "action_name": "String updated in the repository", "url": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/changes/63770690/?format=api" }, { "unit": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/units/103711367/?format=api", "component": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/?format=api", "translation": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/translations/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/fr/?format=api", "user": null, "author": null, "timestamp": "2023-08-19T16:48:38.286071+02:00", "action": 59, "target": "", "old": "", "details": { "state": 0, "source": "<p>The poverty estimates released by the World Bank are quality checked by members of the Global Poverty Working Group and often with members of the relevant National Statistical Offices.</p>", "old_state": -1 }, "id": 63770689, "action_name": "String updated in the repository", "url": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/changes/63770689/?format=api" }, { "unit": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/units/103711366/?format=api", "component": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/?format=api", "translation": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/translations/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/fr/?format=api", "user": null, "author": null, "timestamp": "2023-08-19T16:48:38.286028+02:00", "action": 59, "target": "", "old": "", "details": { "state": 0, "source": "<p>The quality of the estimates is managed through the World Bank’s Global Poverty Working Group. </p>", "old_state": -1 }, "id": 63770688, "action_name": "String updated in the repository", "url": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/changes/63770688/?format=api" }, { "unit": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/units/103711365/?format=api", "component": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/?format=api", "translation": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/translations/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/fr/?format=api", "user": null, "author": null, "timestamp": "2023-08-19T16:48:38.285965+02:00", "action": 59, "target": "", "old": "", "details": { "state": 0, "source": "<p>Countries may refer to the report “On the Construction of a Consumption Aggregate for Inequality and Poverty Analysis”. The report is available here:</p>\n<p>ahttps://documents.worldbank.org/en/publication/documents-reports/documentdetail/099225003092220001/p1694340e80f9a00a09b20042de5a9cd47e<br></p>", "old_state": -1 }, "id": 63770687, "action_name": "String updated in the repository", "url": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/changes/63770687/?format=api" }, { "unit": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/units/68585338/?format=api", "component": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/?format=api", "translation": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/translations/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/fr/?format=api", "user": null, "author": null, "timestamp": "2023-08-19T16:48:38.285918+02:00", "action": 59, "target": "<p>Sans objet</p>", "old": "<p>Sans objet</p>", "details": { "state": 10, "source": "<p>Not applicable</p>", "old_state": 20 }, "id": 63770686, "action_name": "String updated in the repository", "url": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/changes/63770686/?format=api" }, { "unit": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/units/68585338/?format=api", "component": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/?format=api", "translation": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/translations/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/fr/?format=api", "user": null, "author": null, "timestamp": "2023-08-19T16:48:38.285871+02:00", "action": 30, "target": "<p>Not applicable</p>", "old": "<p>Not relevant.</p>", "details": {}, "id": 63770685, "action_name": "Source string changed", "url": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/changes/63770685/?format=api" }, { "unit": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/units/68585337/?format=api", "component": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/?format=api", "translation": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/translations/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/fr/?format=api", "user": null, "author": null, "timestamp": "2023-08-19T16:48:38.285829+02:00", "action": 59, "target": "<p>Les données brutes sont obtenues par des économistes experts sur la pauvreté grâce à leurs contacts au sein des BNS, et leur qualité est vérifiée avant d'être soumises à une analyse plus approfondie. Les données brutes peuvent être des données d'enquêtes unitaires ou des données groupées, selon les accords avec les gouvernements des pays. Dans la plupart des cas, l'agrégat de bien-être, l'élément essentiel pour l'estimation de la pauvreté, est généré par les gouvernements des pays. Parfois, la Banque mondiale doit construire l'agrégat de bien-être ou ajuster l'agrégat fourni par le pays.</p>", "old": "<p>Les données brutes sont obtenues par des économistes experts sur la pauvreté grâce à leurs contacts au sein des BNS, et leur qualité est vérifiée avant d'être soumises à une analyse plus approfondie. Les données brutes peuvent être des données d'enquêtes unitaires ou des données groupées, selon les accords avec les gouvernements des pays. Dans la plupart des cas, l'agrégat de bien-être, l'élément essentiel pour l'estimation de la pauvreté, est généré par les gouvernements des pays. Parfois, la Banque mondiale doit construire l'agrégat de bien-être ou ajuster l'agrégat fourni par le pays.</p>", "details": { "state": 10, "source": "<p>The raw data are obtained by poverty economists through their contacts in the NSOs, and checked for quality before being submitted for further analysis. The raw data can be unit-record survey data, or grouped data, depending on the agreements with the country governments. In most cases, the welfare aggregate, the essential element for poverty estimation, is generated by the country governments. Sometimes, the World Bank constructs the welfare aggregate or adjusts the aggregate provided by the country.</p>", "old_state": 20 }, "id": 63770684, "action_name": "String updated in the repository", "url": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/changes/63770684/?format=api" }, { "unit": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/units/68585337/?format=api", "component": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/?format=api", "translation": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/translations/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/fr/?format=api", "user": null, "author": null, "timestamp": "2023-08-19T16:48:38.285785+02:00", "action": 30, "target": "<p>The raw data are obtained by poverty economists through their contacts in the NSOs, and checked for quality before being submitted for further analysis. The raw data can be unit-record survey data, or grouped data, depending on the agreements with the country governments. In most cases, the welfare aggregate, the essential element for poverty estimation, is generated by the country governments. Sometimes, the World Bank constructs the welfare aggregate or adjusts the aggregate provided by the country.</p>", "old": "<p>The raw data are obtained by poverty economists through their contacts in the NSOs, and checked for quality before being submitted for further analysis. The raw data can be unit-record survey data, or grouped data, depending on the agreements with the country governments. In most cases, the welfare aggregate, the essential element for poverty estimation, is generated by the country governments. Sometimes, the World Bank has to construct the welfare aggregate or adjust the aggregate provided by the country.</p>", "details": {}, "id": 63770683, "action_name": "Source string changed", "url": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/changes/63770683/?format=api" }, { "unit": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/units/29663551/?format=api", "component": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/?format=api", "translation": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/translations/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/fr/?format=api", "user": null, "author": null, "timestamp": "2023-08-19T16:48:38.285743+02:00", "action": 59, "target": "<p>Pour mesurer la pauvreté de manière cohérente dans les différents pays, les mesures internationales de la Banque mondiale appliquent une norme commune, ancrée sur ce que « pauvreté » signifie dans les pays les plus pauvres du monde. Le seuil original de « 1 $ par jour » était basé sur une compilation de seuils nationaux pour seulement 22 pays en développement, provenant principalement d'études académiques des années 1980 (Ravallion, et coll., 1991). Bien qu'il s'agisse de la meilleure méthode disponible à l'époque, l'échantillon n'était guère représentatif des pays en développement, même dans les années 80. Depuis lors, des seuils de pauvreté nationaux ont été établis pour de nombreux autres pays. Sur la base d'une nouvelle compilation des seuils nationaux pour 75 pays en développement, Ravallion, Chen et Sangraula (RCS) (2009) ont proposé un nouveau seuil de pauvreté international de 1,25 $ par jour. Il s'agit du seuil de pauvreté moyen pour les 15 pays les plus pauvres de leur base de données.</p>\n<p>Le seuil de pauvreté extrême actuel est fixé à 1,90 $ par jour en PPA de 2011, ce qui représente la moyenne des seuils de pauvreté nationaux des 15 pays les plus pauvres classés selon la consommation par habitant. Le nouveau seuil de pauvreté maintient la même norme pour l'extrême pauvreté, le seuil de pauvreté typique des pays les plus pauvres du monde, mais le met à jour en utilisant les informations les plus récentes sur le coût de la vie dans les pays en développement.</p>\n<p>Lors de la mesure de la pauvreté internationale d'un pays, le seuil de pauvreté international en PPA est converti en monnaie locale au prix de 2011 et est ensuite converti aux prix en vigueur au moment de l'enquête auprès des ménages concernés en utilisant le meilleur indice des prix à la consommation (IPC) disponible. (De même, les données de l'enquête sur la consommation ou le revenu des ménages pour l'année d'enquête sont exprimées aux prix de l'année de base du PCI, puis converties en dollars de PPA.) Le taux de pauvreté est ensuite calculé à partir de cette enquête. Toutes les comparaisons intertemporelles sont en termes réels, car elles sont évaluées à l'aide de l'IPC spécifique au pays. Des méthodes d'interpolation/extrapolation sont utilisées pour aligner les estimations basées sur une enquête avec ces années de référence.</p>", "old": "<p>Pour mesurer la pauvreté de manière cohérente dans les différents pays, les mesures internationales de la Banque mondiale appliquent une norme commune, ancrée sur ce que « pauvreté » signifie dans les pays les plus pauvres du monde. Le seuil original de « 1 $ par jour » était basé sur une compilation de seuils nationaux pour seulement 22 pays en développement, provenant principalement d'études académiques des années 1980 (Ravallion, et coll., 1991). Bien qu'il s'agisse de la meilleure méthode disponible à l'époque, l'échantillon n'était guère représentatif des pays en développement, même dans les années 80. Depuis lors, des seuils de pauvreté nationaux ont été établis pour de nombreux autres pays. Sur la base d'une nouvelle compilation des seuils nationaux pour 75 pays en développement, Ravallion, Chen et Sangraula (RCS) (2009) ont proposé un nouveau seuil de pauvreté international de 1,25 $ par jour. Il s'agit du seuil de pauvreté moyen pour les 15 pays les plus pauvres de leur base de données.</p>\n<p>Le seuil de pauvreté extrême actuel est fixé à 1,90 $ par jour en PPA de 2011, ce qui représente la moyenne des seuils de pauvreté nationaux des 15 pays les plus pauvres classés selon la consommation par habitant. Le nouveau seuil de pauvreté maintient la même norme pour l'extrême pauvreté, le seuil de pauvreté typique des pays les plus pauvres du monde, mais le met à jour en utilisant les informations les plus récentes sur le coût de la vie dans les pays en développement.</p>\n<p>Lors de la mesure de la pauvreté internationale d'un pays, le seuil de pauvreté international en PPA est converti en monnaie locale au prix de 2011 et est ensuite converti aux prix en vigueur au moment de l'enquête auprès des ménages concernés en utilisant le meilleur indice des prix à la consommation (IPC) disponible. (De même, les données de l'enquête sur la consommation ou le revenu des ménages pour l'année d'enquête sont exprimées aux prix de l'année de base du PCI, puis converties en dollars de PPA.) Le taux de pauvreté est ensuite calculé à partir de cette enquête. Toutes les comparaisons intertemporelles sont en termes réels, car elles sont évaluées à l'aide de l'IPC spécifique au pays. Des méthodes d'interpolation/extrapolation sont utilisées pour aligner les estimations basées sur une enquête avec ces années de référence.</p>", "details": { "state": 10, "source": "<p>To measure poverty across countries consistently, the World Bank’s international measures apply a common standard, anchored to what “poverty” means in the world’s poorest countries. The original “$1-a-day” line was based on a compilation of national lines for only 22 developing countries, mostly from academic studies in the 1980s (Ravallion, et al., 1991). While this was the best that could be done at the time, the sample was hardly representative of developing countries even in the 1980s. Since then, national poverty lines have been developed for many other countries. Based on a compilation of national lines for 75 developing countries, Ravallion, Chen and Sangraula (RCS) (2009) proposed a new international poverty line of $1.25 a day. This is the average poverty line for the poorest 15 countries in their data set. </p>\n<p>The current extreme poverty line is set at $2.15 a day in 2017 PPP terms, which represents the mean of the national poverty lines found in 28 low income countries (Jolliffe ⓡ al 2022) . The new poverty line maintains the same standard for extreme poverty - the poverty line typical of the poorest countries in the world - but updates it using the latest information on the cost of living in developing countries. </p>\n<p>When measuring international poverty of a country, the international poverty line at PPP is converted to local currencies in 2017 price and is then converted to the prices prevailing at the time of the relevant household survey using the best available Consumer Price Index (CPI). (Equivalently, the survey data on household consumption or income for the survey year are expressed in the prices of the ICP base year, and then converted to PPP $’s.) Then the poverty rate is calculated from that survey. All inter-temporal comparisons are real, as assessed using the country-specific CPI. Interpolation/extrapolation methods are used to line up the survey-based estimates with these reference years.</p>", "old_state": 10 }, "id": 63770682, "action_name": "String updated in the repository", "url": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/changes/63770682/?format=api" }, { "unit": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/units/68585334/?format=api", "component": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/components/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/?format=api", "translation": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/translations/sdg-metadata/1-1-1a/fr/?format=api", "user": null, "author": null, "timestamp": "2023-08-19T16:48:38.285700+02:00", "action": 59, "target": "<p>Au sein de la Banque mondiale, le Groupe de travail sur la pauvreté mondiale (GTPM) est chargé de la collecte, de la validation et de l’estimation des estimations de la pauvreté. Le GTPM archive les ensembles de données obtenus auprès des BNS, puis les harmonise en appliquant des méthodologies communes. L’objectif du GTPM est de veiller à ce que les données sur la pauvreté et sur les inégalités qui sont générées, organisées et diffusées par la Banque mondiale soient à jour, répondent à des normes de qualité élevées et soient bien documentées et cohérentes dans tous les canaux de diffusion. Les membres du GTPM génèrent et mettent à jour les estimations de la proportion de la population en dessous du seuil de pauvreté international en utilisant les données brutes généralement fournies par les gouvernements des pays. </p>", "old": "<p>Au sein de la Banque mondiale, le Groupe de travail sur la pauvreté mondiale (GTPM) est chargé de la collecte, de la validation et de l’estimation des estimations de la pauvreté. Le GTPM archive les ensembles de données obtenus auprès des BNS, puis les harmonise en appliquant des méthodologies communes. L’objectif du GTPM est de veiller à ce que les données sur la pauvreté et sur les inégalités qui sont générées, organisées et diffusées par la Banque mondiale soient à jour, répondent à des normes de qualité élevées et soient bien documentées et cohérentes dans tous les canaux de diffusion. Les membres du GTPM génèrent et mettent à jour les estimations de la proportion de la population en dessous du seuil de pauvreté international en utilisant les données brutes généralement fournies par les gouvernements des pays. </p>", "details": { "state": 10, "source": "<p>Within the World Bank, the Global Poverty Working Group (GPWG) is in charge of the collection, validation and estimation of poverty estimates. GPWG archives the datasets obtained from NSOs and then harmonizes them, applying common methodologies. The objective of the GPWG is to ensure that poverty and inequality data generated, curated, and disseminated by the World Bank meet high-quality standards, and are well documented and consistent across dissemination channels. </p>", "old_state": 20 }, "id": 63770681, "action_name": "String updated in the repository", "url": "https://hosted.weblate.org/api/changes/63770681/?format=api" } ] }